Ch. 10
Normal Arterial Blood Value for PCO2
35-45 mm Hg
What are the three types of bone cells and their respective functions?
Osteoblasts- (bone-building) secrete bone matrix for bone formation/growth; Osteoclasts- (bone-destroying) involved in bone resorption/breakdown; Osteocytes- mature bone cells that maintain bone structures
What is commonly referred to as the master gland?
Pituitary gland
The Classic clinical manifestations of diabetes include which “three Ps”
What is Polyuria, Polydipsia and Polyphagia
A patient reports tingling in the fingers as well as feeling depressed. The nurse assess positive Trousseau and Chvostek signs. Which decreased laboratory results does the nurse observe when the patient’s laboratory work has returned
What is Calcium
Solution that is used for patients with Hypernatremia
Hypotonic (0.45% sodium chloride) or D5W
What is the purpose of arthrocentesis?
Joint aspiration. Collect a sample of synovial fluid for further lab testing or to alleviate pain caused by joint effusion.
A group of symptoms produced by oversecretion of adrenocorticotropic hormone, characterized by truncal obesity, moon face, acne, abdominal striae and hypertension.
What is Cushing's Syndrome?
True or False: the most important concept to prevent DKA during “sick days” is to eliminate insulin doses when nausea and vomiting occur
False
(patient should take the regular insulin dose)
A patient comes to the clinic and informs the nurse of numbness, tingling, and a burning sensation in the arm from the elbow down to the fingers. Which type of symptom would this be documented as
What is Paresthesia
What kind of acid base imbalance does the following values place you in?
PH:7.2
PaCo2:60 mm Hg
HCO3: 24mEq/L
What is respiratory acidosis
Two major nutrients for maintaining bone health
Vitamin D and Calcium.
Which hormone deficiency is present in patients with diabetes insipidus?
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
Lispro, Aspart and Glulisine
The nurse assesses a patient with an obvious goiter. Which type of deficiency does the nurse identify as the most likely cause of the goiter
What is Iodine
Unintentional administration of a nonvesicant solution or medication into surrounding tissue
Infiltration
A patient is presenting with signs and symptoms of compartment syndrome. What should the nurse be assessing for in this patient? Upon, recognition of these S/S, what is the first action the nurse should take?
(5 P's) Pain, Paresthesia, Pallor, Pulselessness, Paralysis; Notify the provider immediately.
What are some clinical manifestations for Addison’s disease?
Muscle weakness, lethargy, anorexia, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, and hyperpigmentation of skin and mucous membranes.
Inhibit production of glucose by the liver
Increase body tissue sensitivity to insulin
Decrease hepatic synthesis of cholesterol
A patient with diabetic ketoacidosis has had a large volume of fluid infused for rehydration. Which potential complication from rehydration will the nurse monitor for
What is Hypokalemia
Emergency Pharmacologic Therapy for Patients with Hyperkalemia (5.0<)
Calcium Gluconate, Sodium Bicarbonate, Insulin, Dextrose, Loop Diuretics, Beta 2 Agonists
A nurse is reviewing a patients MAR and identifies which medication predisposes patient for fractures.
Prednisone (steroids)
A system so that when the hormone concentration decreases, the rate of hormone increases.
What is a negative feedback system?
•Duration of diabetes more than 5 years
•Age greater than 40 years
•Current smoker and history of smoking
•Decreased peripheral pulses
•Decreased sensation
•Anatomic deformities or pressure areas (e.g., bunions, calluses, hammer toes)
•History of previous foot ulcerations or amputation
Patients who are at high risk for foot infections:
The nurse is caring for a patient with diabetes 1 who is having severe vomiting and diarrhea. Which condition that exhibits blood values with a low pH and a low plasma bicarbonate concentration should the nurse assess for
What is Metabolic acidosis