Lymphomas
What are the types of lymphomas
Hodgkin
Non-Hodgkin
What are the treatment options for neuroblastoma?
Surgery, Chemotherapy, RT for later stages
Name 3 symptoms of leukemia
fatigue, weakness, weight loss, loss of appetite, anemia, shortness of breath, pale skin, infection, thrombocytopenia, bruising, petechiae, bleeding, frequent or severe nosebleeds, bleeding from gums, bone or joint pain, flu-like symptoms (fever, chills), headaches, seizures, vomiting, ataxia, blurred vision, Swollen or tender lymph nodes, liver, or spleen
What are the two mains types of sarcomas?
bone and soft tissue
What do the extraskeletal connective tissues include?
all soft tissues that provide connection, support and locomotion
What type of cells are Hodgkin lymphomas
Reed-Sternberg
What is the most common renal malignancy in children?
Wilms Tumor
What are the 4 types of leukemia?
Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), Acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), and Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML)
Name the three causes/ risk factors of sarcomas
1. exposure to radiation therapy
2. paget's disease
3. genetic syndromes/ history
What type of cells are Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
B&T cells
What is the staging method for Non-Hodgkin lymphomas
Lugano classification
What are the 3 most commonly diagnosed cancers in children & adolescents?
Leukemia, Brain, Lymphoma
What are the different treatments for leukemia?
chemotherapy, radiation therapy, stem cell transplant, targeted therapy, immunotherapy
Which type of sarcoma is described as radioresistant?
Osteosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcomas form from which cells?
Rhabdomyoblasts (which will eventually form skeletal muscles)
Hodgkin
What is the most common symptom of neuroblastoma?
Abdominal mass
Which type of leukemia is NOT treated with a bone marrow transplant?
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
When is multiple myeloma potentially curable?
When it presents as a solitary plasmacytoma of bone or as an extramedullary plasmacytoma
What are the stages of chemotherapy treatment? Briefly explain each stage.
Induction: 1st phase, lasts 4 weeks goal: kill as many cell as possible.
Consolidation: 2nd phase, kill off reaming bad cells, also prevent the spread, Inject into CSF.
Maintenance: lasts 2 to 3 years low doses of chemo.
Most common Hodgkin lymphoma treatment and its acronym
Chemotherapy
ABVD
What type of scan is used for staging neuroblastoma?
Metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) scan
What are the most common types of leukemia in adults and peds?
adults: Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL)
peds: Acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL)(50% of all peds cases)
Describe the differences between carcinomas and sarcomas
Carcinomas- form in epithelial cells which make up the tissue lining of organs
Sarcomas- form in myoepithelial cells which make up connective tissues such as bone, muscle, fat, blood vessels and lymphatic vessels
Most common Non-Hodgkin lymphoma treatment and its acronym
Chemotherapy
CHOP