Flail Chest
1. What is flail chest?
an injury in which two adjacent ribs on the same side of the chest are each broken into two or more segments
1. What is an embolus?
A foreign substance that is carried through the bloodstream.
1. What occurs when breathing stops?
Respiratory Arrest
1. First sign of a patient experiencing acute respiratory distress syndrome...
1st sign of ARDS -> tachypnea
Pneumonia
2. What is a paradoxical movement?
Breathing movements in which the chest wall moves in on inspiration and out on expiration, in reverse of the normal movements.
2. What are some signs and symptoms of a pulmonary embolus?
Dyspnea, chest pain, hemoptysis, cough, orthopnea, and unilateral calf or thigh pain and/or swelling.
2. Choking, Grunting, Nose flaring are
S/S of Respiratory Arrest
2. How many hours after trauma does pulmonary infiltrate develop and lung compliance decreases?
6 - 72 hours after
2. Who is at greatest risk for having ARDS?
Alcoholics
3. What are S/S of flail chest?
dyspnea, cyanosis, tachypnea, tachycardia, paradoxical movement of the chest
3. What are some tests to diagnose a pulmonary embolus?
ABG analysis, D-dimer blood test, ECG, lung scan, and CTPA
3. A rescue inhaler would be used for a patient experiencing
Asthma
3. The pH drops below 7.35 and causes respiratory acidosis due to...
Hypoxemia (in spite of supplemental O2 administration)
3. Condition that indicates a med. emergency
Pleurisy
4. How would you diagnose Flail chest?
clinical presentation, chest radiographs, atrial blood gases.
4. What is a nursing intervention for a patient with a pulmonary embolus?
Monitor the patient’s respiratory rate, breath sounds, skin color, pulse, and BP.
4. If the patient is respiratory distress, what is the treatment for it?
intubation and mechanical ventilation
4. The patient's lung cells that produce surfactant have become damaged, this can lead to?
Atelectasis
4. Aerosol therapy may be used to improve which patient problem?
Inadequate oxygen
5. What is the treatment for flail chest?
deep breathing and coughing, IPPB treatment, and pain management.
5. What could you teach a patient on anticoagulant therapy?
To reduce the risk of future PE: stand up and walk around every 1 to 2 hours.
5. A male client abruptly sits up in bed, reports having difficulty breathing and has an arterial oxygen saturation of 88%. Which mode of oxygen delivery would most likely reverse the manifestations?
Non-rebreather mask
5. A patient coming in with ARDS has his lung sounds auscultated. What sound will the nurse hear from the patient?
Fine crackles, Diffuse crackles
5. After receiving change-of-shift report, which patient will the nurse assess first?
A patient with septicemia who has intercostal and suprasternal retractions