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Definitions
Research Methods
Definitions
Experiments
Bonus
100
The rate of natural occurrence of a phenomenon in the population studied
Base rate
100
An experiment performed on a single individual in which some aspect of the person's behavior is used as a control or baseline for comparison with future behaviors.
A single-participant experiment
100
Refers to whether the findings of a particular study can be generalized to other groups or conditions.
External validity
100
When clinicians doing the interview don’t know the purpose of the study.
Blind design
100
The onset or occurrence of new cases of a disorder that appear in an identified population within a specific time period.
What incidence rate tells us.
200
A variable or condition that an experimenter manipulates to determine its effect on a dependent variable.
Independent variable
200
An investigation that attempts to replicate or simulate, under controlled conditions, a situation that occurs in real life.
Analogue study
200
The group that is subjected to the independent variable.
Experimental group
200
Neither the participants or the clinicians are aware of the experimental conditions.
Double blind design
200
These studies are an attempt to determine whether a disorder follows a genetic pattern.
Genetic linkage studies
300
A group that is similar in every way to the experimental group except for the manipulation of the independent variable.
Control group
300
The study of the rate and distribution of mental disorders in a population.
Epidemiological research
300
The group subjected to improve from belief in treatment, rather than specific treatment.
Placebo group
300
An investigative technique in which behaviors and events are observed and recorded in their natural environment.
Field study
300
Analyzing the effectiveness of an intervention or prevention program.
Program evaluation
400
The extent to which variations in one variable are accompanied by increases or decreases in a second variable
Correlation
400
Unintended effects of therapy -- such as an unintended change in behavior resulting from a medication prescribed or a psychological technique employed by a therapist.
Iatrogenic effects in biological research
400
Indicates the degree to which two variables are related
Correlation
400
Two problems may occur: Placebo reports significant effects, And participants may assume they are taking the placebo which can reduce expectancy effects.
Two problems that occur in using a placebo group
400
Collecting data from all or part of a population to assess the relative prevalence, distribution, and interrelationships of naturally occurring phenomena.
Survey research
500
Measurable characteristics (neurochemical, endocrinological, neuroanatomical, cognitive, or neuropsychological) that can give clues regarding the specific genes involved in disorders.
Endophenotypes
500
Observation and evaluation of people's behavior over a long period of time so that the course of a disorder or the effects of some factor such as a prevention program can be assessed over time.
What is longitudinal research?
500
An investigation that attempts to replicate or simulate, under controlled conditions, a situation that occurs in real life.
Analogue study
500
If the experimenter eliminates confounding variables, the study has high internal validity, while external Validity refers to whether the findings can be generalized to other groups or conditions.
The difference between internal and external validity
500
The method of inquiry that provides for the systematic collection of data, controlled observation, and the testing of hypotheses.
Scientific method