Social Influences
This phenomenon describes how we may change our behavior so that is socially acceptable
What is Conformity?
This theory claims that conflict between different groups in society can always be traced back to a scarcity of some resource.
What is Realistic Conflict Theory?
What was the third stage of the Robber's Cave Study? Cite an example!
This person is the theorist who came up with SIT
Who was Henri Tajfel?
This theory provides a cognitive explanation for why we might engage in generalizations about individuals who belong to other social groups
What are social schemas?
People hailing from this style of culture are less likely to conform to what others around them are doing
3 examples of scarce resources that might stoke competition between groups
Answers will vary
One result from the Robber's Cave Study that demonstrated a decrease in conflict between the two groups
Boys reported that they had a good/best friend in the opposing group by the end of camp
This is the central claim of Social Identity Theory
This is how you organize information about your own self in your head
What is a Self-Schema?
This type of social influence describes how we might conform to what others are doing simply because we believe they are correct or more knowledgeable than we are.
What is Informational Social Influence?
5 details about the participants of the Robber's Cave Study
-22 boys (2 groups)
-Mostly 11 years old
-Middle-class
-White
-Protestant
-Attending a summer camp
-Oklahoma
This type of classroom activity has been shown to decrease conflict between groups of students while increasing grades
What is a jigsaw?
These two principles describe the process by which we give preferential consideration to our own in-group members and develop bias towards out-group members
What are positive distinctiveness and out-group homogeneity?
What were the primary results from the Cohen (1981) study?
People led to believe the woman in the video was a waitress remembered more "waitress-consistent" details.
People led to believe the woman in the video was a librarian remembered more "librarian-consistent" details.
This type of social influence describes how we might conform to what others around us are doing because we are afraid of being judged by or standing out from the group
What is Normative Social Influence
A kind of group dynamic whereby one group's success hinges on the failure of another group
What is Negative Interdependence?
Also acceptable: What is zero-sum competition?
This kind of goal can help bring groups together and resolve conflict. Also give an example!
What are Superordinate Goals?
Also acceptable: what is Positive Interdependence?
The Cialdini study of clothing and language choices on college campuses demonstrates this element of social identity theory
What is the Self-Esteem Hypothesis?
Participants in the "white player" condition of Stone et al.'s study were likely to make these judgments about the player
-Displayed higher intelligence or strategic thinking
-Showed more "hustle" (tried really hard)
This was the percentage of participants in the Asch conformity studies who conformed to the group's incorrect answer in at least 1 critical trial
What is 74%?
3 examples of the "resources" that stoked competition in the Robber's Cave Study
-Pocket knives
-First access to food hall
-Medals/Trophies
List all 4 key elements of the Allport's Contact Hypothesis
-Groups have equal status
-Contact is supported by authority figures
-Groups share common goal
-Competition between groups is limited
The out-group homogeneity effect provides the foundation for these generalizations that we often make about members of other groups
What are stereotypes?
"Stereotypes" can be explained using these three theories - be specific about the mechanism that this theory pinpoints as how stereotypes can happen!
-Social Identity Theory - Out-Group Homogeneity
-Social Schemas - Confirmation Bias/Schema-Consistent Information
-Realistic Conflict Theory - Negative Characterizations emerge from competition over resources