Topic 8_Control of Gene Expression I
Sequences that control Gene transcription
What are Cis-regulatory sequences?
Cytoplasmic ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules that store inactive mRNAs for later “reactivation.”
What are p-bodies?
The most abundant type of sphingolipid, composed of a sphingosine, a fatty acyl group and a phosphorylcholine head group.
What is sphingomyelin?
This type of transporter makes up the largest family of membrane transport proteins and has clinical relevance due to its ability to pump drugs out of the cytosol, mediating drug resistance.
What is ABC-transporter
The formation of this doubles the length of cis-regulatory regions that can be recognized, and increases affinity/specificity of binding.
What are Dimers?
Non-membranous assemblies of mRNA and protein (mRNP) that allow ongoing translation to complete but block new translation initiation.
What are stress granules?
This is one of the three classes of RNA that performs RNA interference, is single stranded transcripts of our genes that regulate up to half of all protein coding genes and is synthesized by RNA polyII
What is miRNA?
A symporter in the occluded state is driven randomly into the inward-open state or outward-open state by these types of fluctuations caused by thermal energy
What is stochastic?
A stress hormone released in cells during starvation or intense exercise
What are Glucocortocoids?
Covalent modifications that change the nucleotide sequence, and animals have 2 types of this, resulting in nonsense and missense mutations.
What is RNA editing?
Transient cell to cell adhesion processes are mediated by this carbohydrate binding protein
What are Lectins?
The narrowest part of an ion channel, instrumental in allowing only the ions of the appropriate size and charge to pass through
What is the selectivity filter?
This molecule must be present in order for CAP to bind to the operon
What is Lacotose?
A protein component of RNA Induced Silencing Complex that facilitates miRNA detection of complementary RNA.
What is Argonaute?
Hydrophilic proteins responsible for membrane protein localization
What are Lipid Anchors?
This type of movement makes the largest contribution to membrane potential in animal cells
What is passive ion movement?
A Motif that exists as a Dimer & grips DNA "like a cothespin on a clothes line"
What is a Leucine Zipper?
Maintenance of cell identity through multiple rounds of division and is created during positive feedback loop.
What is cell memory?
Is used to Disrupt hydrophobic associations which will lead to the disassembly of the lipid bilayer, releasing the membrane proteins in a soluble form so they can be easily studied
What are Detergents?
The ion channel that transiently opens in the presynaptic membrane when a nerve impulse reaches a nerve terminal which causes the plasma membrane to depolarize
What is a calcium channel?