ROMAN PHYSICIANS 1.0
Dioscorides of Anazarbus' major work is called de Materia Medica. What does it entail?
lists over 700 items formulated into more than 200 recipes and formulas, free of magical remedies, arranged in 5 books, pnat animal and mineral material.
These three figures fall under the Milesian School of Philosophy.
Who is Thales of Miletus, Anaximander of Miletus, and Anaximenes of Miletus?
Pythagoras believed in a world governed by what? And what could be used to understand reality?
A world governed by numbers, mathematics a basic tool for understanding reality
Parmenides of Elea believed that we could only trust what?
Only logos (‘reason’) could be trusted, not evidence of the senses
He is the best-known practitioner of the Methodist sect.
Who is Soranus of Ephesus?
Why is Dioscorides' de Materia Medica significant?
It served as the primary pharmacology text until the end of the 15th century
Thales of Miletus is known for what? And what does he believe in?
He is the ‘father of science’, geometry, primary substance is water
He is associated with the table of opposites.
Who is Pythagoras?
Parmenides of Elea is associated with the Way of Truth vs Way of Opinion - Explain this idea.
reality is unchanging, timeless, senses lead to misconceptions of reality
He is known to have written the most extensive treatise - On Diseases of Women, 5 books on chronic diseases
Who is Soranus of Ephesus?
Which medical sect did Dioscorides of Anazarbus particularly despise?
What is Anaximander of Miletus known for? And what does he believe in?
primary substance was infinite/boundless, first theory of cosmogony not involving the gods, animals originate from water
He proposed that everything was in constant change.
Who is Heraclitus of Ephesus?
Anaxagoras of Clazomenae brought _________ to Athens and also proposed that everything was made of _________
-philosophy
-particles
What two ideas/theories does Plato support?
Two realms - eternal forms and material replications of these forms
Constructs cosmos using Empedocles 4 elements in attempt to explain nature using mathematics
Aretaeus of Cappadocia is known to support what theories?
Theory of disease, improper quantities of humors
Pneumatist
What is Anaximenes of Miletus known for? And what does he believe in?
student of Anaximander, primary substance is air
Heraclitus of Ephesus believed this to be the primary substance.
What is fire?
What two ideas/theories were supported by Empedocles of Acragas?
Everything composed of four elements (‘roots’) - fire, air, water, and earth
Love and strife - two opposing forces, agents of cosmic change
He is said to be the first biologist/natural historian and is also recognized for his theories on meteorological and geological phenomena.
Who is Aristotle?
Aretaeus of Cappadocia is especially known for what two things?
Known for descriptions of various diseases, empathy towards patients
Those under the Milesian School of Philosophy believe in Material Monism. What does this concept mean?
It means that everything is composed of a single primary substance
Heraclitus of Ephesus was described as the 'weeping philosopher,' which refers to what exactly?
How he is prone to melancholy and depression
The Atomist theory describes atoms as doing what? And how did this impact other sciences?
atoms in constant motion, developments of early chemistry and physics
How did Aristotle describe the shape of the universe? And what elements did he equate with one another? And, finally, what did he say about motion?
Considered universe to be eternal sphere
equated fire with hot and dry, air with hot and wet, water with cold and wet, earth with cold and dry
Motion is spontaneous - no movement without a mover