Waves
The first wave began in...
Was it April 1975, the 'Fall'/'Liberation' of Saigon?
What makes the US and Thailand feel less or not responsible for the Lao in the refugee crisis versus other groups?
The 'Cambodian capital of America' by chance. (Lecture 18; Chan, 85)
Is it Long Beach, CA?
The dispersion of Vietnamese refugees: 'first come, first served' but later specialized (Robinson, 127)
Was it policy of the US to start sharing the burden of resettlement across multiple countries?
The three provinces that holds the most Hmong in the US
Are they:
1. California
2. Wisconsin
3. Minnesota
The 2 ways that Southeast Asian Refugees are able to avoid dispersal within the US... (Hein, 51)
Is it:
1. Moving within the US ('secondary migration')?
2. Family reunion?
Was it to create a detente strategy that focused on not engaging with each others internal affairs and reverse Americans Cold War policy?
Building Wats in the US (Cowan 142)
Was it someone that did not have relatives or friends, and thus could be send anywhere?
The ideological continuation of the Cold War in the Vietnamese community today (lecture 18)
Is it Vietnamese political movements that consolidated the anti-communist and anti-SRV sentiments?
The Hmong chose Merced because... (Fatima, 229-232)
Is it because a Hmong named Dang Mouse moved there?
Is it because California had relatively better welfare assistance?
Americans framing the different groups as 'Asians' in the 'melting pot' of the US versus the four ethnic groups of Southeast Asia themselves. (Fadiman 220-35; Cowan, 140-52; Hein, 63)
Is it because of the hardships refugees face (language barriers, cultural differences, and workplace) or how the US tried to make sense of them through race, immigration, and culture?
The 2 arguments that clashed in the 1970s over the way the US should handle the refugee crisis... (Tempo, 145-7)
Was it about the issue of responsibility (Vietnam Duty) as a product of the Cold War versus the emphasis on human rights?
The 3 Laotian identities across the border (Cowan, 142)
Who wants to:
1. Maintain Lao traditions while lives definitely focused in Lowell;
2. Go back to the past and revive the Royal Lao Government;
3. Not care about politics.
The multiple fears of Cambodians in Uptown Chicago (Hein, p. 58-61)
Is it:
1. materialism and individuality
2. Fear of communism
3. The very processing of attempting to recreate tradition (communal conflict of preservation)
Carter ordering the parole of 7,000 refugees in 1978 (Tempo, 148)
Was it to solve the crisis of boat people, yet created the start of a foreign policy for refugees in the US
The Office of Refugee Resettlement and the 1983 Highland Lao Initiative(Fadiman, 197)
Was it to bolster employment and Hmong community stability outside California?
The year the US started to focus on 'effective resettlement' (Robinson, 130-4)
Was it with the New Act of 1980?
The Indochinese War was the first opportunity for US to use migration... (Hein, 13)
Is it 'to attain military and political goals'?
Laotians are missing the 'critical mass' to garner significant resources (Cowan, 132)
Is it because they lacked the numbers and one voice?
The Khmer Guided Placement Project by Orrin 1980 (Chan, 97)
Winning the 'hearts and minds' of Vietnamese through nation-building and pacification (Hein, 16)
Did it create an ideological need for migration and a way to build nations in Vietnam as to win loyalty of the peasants.
The types of resentment of the Hmong versus the US in the protest of 1994... (Fadiman, 236-7)
Was it:
1. For the Hmong veterans, the resentment that the US did not appreciate their service?
2. US public that the Hmong were not appreciating the public money they received?
The admission standards for Indochinese Refugees is one of where 'total confusion exists' because... (Tempo, 155-6)
Is it because the system was developed so haphazardly?