Causes of the Revolution
Was the Haitian Revolution casued by one issue or was it caused by multiple issues?
Multiple issues
In what year did the slave revolt begin?
The revolt began in 1791.
Who became the main leader of the Haitian Revolution?
Toussaint Louverture.
Which French leader wanted to regain control of Haiti?
Napoleon Bonaparte.
Haiti is located in this region of the world.
The Caribbean
What happened to enslaved people that made life on plantations very short?
They were beaten, punished, and worked to death.
How did enslaved people prepare for the uprising?
They organized secretly.
What was Toussaint Louverture’s background before becoming a leader?
He was formerly enslaved.
What system did Napoleon want to restore in Haiti?
Slavery.
During the 1700s, Haiti was known by this name.
Saint-Domingue
Why were free people of color angry with the colonial system?
They did not have the same rights as white colonists.
What did enslaved people attack during the revolt?
They attacked plantations across the colony.
What did Toussaint do to improve the rebel forces?
He organized them into a disciplined army.
How did Haitian forces respond to the French army?
They resisted fiercely.
Saint-Domingue belonged to this country.
France
What ideas from the French Revolution inspired people in Haiti?
The ideas of liberty, equality, and fraternity.
What was the main goal of the enslaved people during Stage 1?
Their main goal was to gain freedom.
What major decision did France make in 1794 because of the fighting?
France officially ended slavery in the colony.
What disease weakened and killed many French soldiers?
Yellow fever.
This colony became the richest in the world because it produced sugar and coffee.
Saint-Domingue
Explain how slavery, inequality, and the French Revolution together led to rebellion.
Slavery caused extreme suffering, inequality denied rights to free people of color, and the French Revolution inspired ideas of freedom, making rebellion unavoidable.
Why did the 1791 revolt change slavery in Saint-Domingue forever?
Once the uprising began, slavery could no longer continue in the same way.
Explain why Toussaint Louverture’s leadership helped the revolution succeed.
His leadership created a strong, organized army that pressured France and kept the revolution going.
Why did France fail to regain control even after Toussaint was captured?
Fighting continued, Haitian resistance remained strong, and disease destroyed the French army.
Why did France value Saint-Domingue so highly in the 1700s, and what human cost made this possible?
France valued it for sugar and coffee production, which depended on enslaved Africans forced to work in deadly conditions.