The Media
Vocabulary: urgent news reported the moment it happens
a tabloid
Vocabulary: a person who owns and runs their business alone
a sole trader
Vocabulary: the variety of different people (backgrounds, genders …) in a group
diversity
Vocabulary: huge numbers of tourists all visiting the same place
mass tourism
Vocabulary: a person seeking safety in another country from war or persecution
an asylum seeker
Vocabulary: the long-term heating of the Earth’s atmosphere
global warming
Passive (present): make passive: “They make these products in Italy.”
are made (in Italy)
Capital of: Greece
Athens
Vocabulary: a popular paper with short, sensational celebrity stories
a tabloid
Vocabulary: a person who owns shares in a company
a shareholder
Vocabulary: a person whose job is to find new employees for a company
a recruiter
Vocabulary: the total amount of CO₂ your activities (e.g. flights) produce
(your) carbon footprint
Vocabulary: the EU right to live and work in any member state
freedom of movement
Vocabulary: fuels such as coal, oil and gas
fossil fuels
Relative pronoun: Our founder, ___ started the firm in 1990, has now retired.
who
Capital of: Romania
Bucharest
Passive (present): make passive: “Millions of people read this newspaper.”
is read (by millions)
Conditional (type 2): If we ___ (have) more capital, we ___ (expand) abroad.
had / would expand
Relative pronoun: A recruiter is someone ___ finds new staff for companies.
who / that
Conditional (type 2): If everyone ___ (fly) less, our carbon footprint ___ (be) smaller.
flew / would be
Reported speech (question): report it: She asked, “Where do you come from?”
she asked where I came from
Passive (present): make passive: “We produce CO₂ when we burn fossil fuels.”
is produced
Conditional (type 2): If I ___ (be) the manager, I ___ (change) the strategy.
were / would change
Capital of: Bulgaria
Sofia
Reported speech: report it: The reporter said, “I saw the accident.”
the reporter said (that) he/she had seen the accident
Passive (past): make passive: “They founded the company in 1998.”
was founded (in 1998)
Passive (present): make passive: “The company welcomes people of all backgrounds.”
are welcomed
Passive (pres. perfect): make passive: “Tourism has damaged many fragile sites.”
have been damaged
Conditional (type 1): If you ___ (travel) abroad, you ___ (notice) cultural differences.
travel / will notice
Conditional (type 3): If we ___ (act) earlier, we ___ (prevent) some of the damage.
had acted / would have prevented
Passive (pres. perfect): make passive: “Someone has cancelled the meeting.”
has been cancelled
Capital of: Estonia
Talinn
Conditional (type 1): If the story ___ (be) true, it ___ (cause) a scandal.
is / will cause
Reported speech: report it: The CEO said, “We will make a profit.”
the CEO said (that) they would make a profit
Conditional (type 1): If companies ___ (value) diversity, they ___ (perform) better.
value / will perform
Reported speech: report it: The guide said, “You must respect local customs.”
the guide said (that) we had to respect local customs
Passive (past): make passive: “People built this temple centuries ago.”
was built
Reported speech: report it: The scientist said, “Emissions are rising.”
the scientist said (that) emissions were rising
Reported speech: report it: She said, “We will sign the contract tomorrow.”
she said (that) they would sign the contract the next day
Capital of: Cyprus
Nicosia