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TRANSLyvania
The Teenage MUTANT Ninja Turtles
Sweets and Such
The Circle of Life
The Undead
100
An organized unit of DNA sequences that enables a segment of DNA to be transcribed into RNA and ultimately results in the formation of a functional product.
What is a gene?
100
These mutations are made possible by the degeneracy of the code.
What are silent mutations?
100
Cells prefer to regulate their genes at this level.
What is transcription?
100
Reveals number, size, and form of chromosomes in an actively dividing cell.
What is a karyotype?
100
T or F. Viruses are non-living.
True.
200
Beadle and Tatum created this famous (but wrong) hypothesis.
What is "One Gene, One Enzyme"?
200
Distinguish between spontaneous mutations and induced mutations.
Spontaneous are due to abnormalities in the biological processes. Induced are caused by environmental agents.
200
Cluster of genes under transcriptional control of one promoter.
What is an operon?
200
n; 1 copy of a chromosome
What is haploid?
200
When the virsuses go into a cell and do synthesis, assembly, and release.
What is the lytic cycle?
300
The three stages of transcription.
What is initiation, elongation, and termination?
300
Portion of the DNA strand containing an abnormal nucleotide is removed and replaced.
What is nucleotide excision repair?
300
lacI gene codes for this protein.
What is the lac repressor?
300
Name the phases of the cell cycle?
G1, S, G2, M
300
Name the 6 general steps of the viral reproductive cycle.
Attachment, Entry, Integration, Synthesis of Viral Components, Viral Assembly, Release
400
Termination of transcription ends at a __________________ whereas termination of translation ends at a_______________.
What is termination sequence/stop codon?
400
Distinguish between invasive and metastatic.
Invasive can invade healthy tissues. Metastatic can migrate to other parts of the body.
400
When glucose is high, is cAMP bound to CAP? Is CAP bound to the DNA? Why or why not?
Glucose inhibits production of cAMP and prevents binding of CAP to DNA.
400
Responsible for advancing a cell through the phases of the cell cycle.
What are cyclin and cyclin-dependent kinases?
400
Composed entirely of protein.
What is a prion?
500
The central dogma of biology.
What is DNA is transcribed to RNA which is translated to proteins?
500
Distinguish between mutations in proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes.
Proto-oncogenes, when mutated become oncogenes. These keep a cell in a permanent "ON" position (like a green light always being green). Tumor suppressor genes, when mutated, don't tell cells to stop when they're mutated anymore (like a red light not working and never actually turning red).
500
When lactose is high and glucose is low, is the lac operon on or off?
On
500
Name the phases of mitosis.
Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase
500
Small, circular pieces of DNA that exist independently of the bacterial chromosome.
What is a plasmid?