Legal System and Courts
The role of the judiciary in modern democracies evolved from the monarch's ultimate arbitration to what institution?
What is the independent judicial system?
The process of appointing federal judges, especially Supreme Court justices, is often influenced by what considerations?
What are political considerations?
What are the legal concepts such as standing, mootness, the writ of certiorari, and the rule of four crucial in explaining how cases reach the Supreme Court?
What is the process of case selection by the Supreme Court?
Who represents the United States in cases before the Supreme Court, impacting the government's legal position in significant cases?
Who is the solicitor general?
What is the term for the process through which courts review the constitutionality of laws and executive actions?
What is judicial review?
What term differentiates criminal and civil law and identifies the parties involved in a legal case?
What are plaintiff and defendant?
The nomination of Thurgood Marshall and Sandra Day O'Connor reflects the democratic values of what institution?
What is the Supreme Court?
In the case Roe v. Wade, what specific issue regarding legal standing was addressed?
What is the right of a pregnant woman to make decisions about her pregnancy?
What important role do law clerks play in shaping the judiciary's decisions?
What is assisting judges in legal research, drafting opinions, and analyzing cases?
The Supreme Court's decisions are influenced by what factors related to constitutional interpretation, political ideology, activism, and institutional interests?
What are the various elements shaping judicial decision-making?
These courts exercise appellate jurisdiction, review cases on appeal from lower courts, set precedents, and make influential decisions.
What are the Supreme Courts?
Who made history as the first Latina Supreme Court justice?
Who is Sonia Sotomayor?
What legal position does the solicitor general represent in cases before the Supreme Court?
What is the United States government?
These groups may submit additional arguments and perspectives to the Supreme Court through amicus curiae briefs.
What are interest groups?
What significant case demonstrates the Court's role in addressing societal issues through judicial activism?
What is Brown v. Board of Education?
Despite the vast number of cases filed, what percentage of cases does the U.S. Supreme Court typically agree to hear each term?
What is about 1% to 1.5% (approximately 100-150 cases out of over 10,000 filed)?
In what significant case did the Supreme Court establish its authority to exercise judicial review and declare an act of Congress unconstitutional?
What is Marbury v. Madison?
What are external documents submitted to the Supreme Court by interest groups, offering additional arguments and perspectives on a case?
What are amicus curiae briefs?
What is the role of oral arguments in influencing court decisions?
What is presenting verbal arguments to support a case before the court?
What are the various ways through which external parties influence court decisions, involving amicus curiae briefs, oral arguments, conferences, and opinion writing?
What is lobbying for access to the court?
Which type of legal action, like the case Brown v. Board of Education, is essential for addressing mass grievances in federal district courts?
What is a class-action lawsuit?
The contentious hearings for Brett Kavanaugh exemplify the political nature of appointments to which institution?
What is the Supreme Court?
What are the different components of the judicial decision-making process that may influence Supreme Court decisions?
What are constitutional interpretation, political ideology, activism, and institutional interests?
What term refers to the process through which external parties influence court decisions, involving opinion writing, conferences, and amicus curiae briefs?
What is lobbying for access?
What specific power allows courts, especially the Supreme Court, to review the constitutionality of laws and executive actions?
What is judicial review?