Pump
This enzyme is inhibited by Milrinone, leading to an increase in cAMP and its inotropic effect.
Phosphodiesterase-3 (PDE-3)
The primary receptor that Norepinephrine targets, making it a powerful vasoconstrictor and first-line agent for septic shock.
alpha-one receptor
This non-adrenergic receptor, also known as the _____ receptor, is responsible for the potent vasoconstrictive effect of vasopressin.
G-protein coupled receptor or V1 Receptor
The primary anti-arrhythmic class of action for Amiodarone, achieved by blocking potassium channels.
Class III
This inhaled vasodilator selectively reduces pulmonary vascular resistance by activating guanylate cyclase.
Nitric oxide
The primary anti arrhythmic class of action for Lidocaine, which works by blocking fast inward sodium current.
Class Ib
Epinephrine is considered a 'dirty' drug because it stimulates all three of these major adrenergic receptors.
Alpha-1, Beta-1 and Beta 2 receptors
Vasopressin's pressor effect is often maintained when the body is unresponsive to this class of drugs.
Catecholamines (adrenergic drugs)
This highly lipophilic drug has an extremely long half-life, measured in months.
Amiodarone
This IV vasodilator releases nitric oxide spontaneously and can cause cyanide toxicity at high doses.
Nitroprusside
Milrinone's dual primary actions which are positive isotropy and this effect, resulting in its classification as an 'inodilator'.
Vasodilation.
The potent agonism of this receptor provides its critical bronchodilating effect in anaphylaxis.
Beta-2
Activation of this receptor leads to the insertion ________ into the collecting ducts of the apical membrane of the kidney.
A common, yet benign dermatologic side effect of Amiodarone due to the deposition of iodine-containing metabolites in the skin.
Blue-gray skin discoloration
This drug improves angina by venodilation. Can also develop tolerance.
Nitroglycerin
The specific type of ventricular arrhythmia that Lidocaine is primarily used to treat, especially in the setting of myocardial ischemia.
Ventricular tachycardia/multiple PVCs
The primary target receptor for the strong positive chronotropic and inotropic effects of both epinephrine and norepinephrine.
Beta -1 receptor
The critical, non-shock clinical scenario where vasopressin is used to reduce portal hypertension and control hemorrhage.
Esophageal or gastric variceal hemorrhage.
This is the most serious and often irreversible side effect associated with long term amiodarone therapy.
Pulmonary Fibrosis
This non-dihydropyridine CCB slows AV conduction but also has vasodilatory effects.
verapamil or diltiazem
Unlike dobutamine, Milrinone's mechanism is not dependent on the presence or function of this specific receptor.
Beta-adrenergic receptor
The two most severe common adverse effects of infusion that necessitate careful central line administration to prevent tissue damage.
The standard maximum continuous infusion rate for vasopressin in refractory shock, is notably fixed and does not typically require titration.
0.01-0.04 units/min--0.03 units/minute
This antihypertensive class blocks angiotensin II at the AT1 receptor and does not typically cause cough.
ARBs
This IV CCB is useful in controlling BP during neurosurgery due to its strong cerebral vasodilatory effect.
Nicardipine