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300

Represented by the symbol Na, this alkali metal reacts violently with water and combines with chlorine to form table salt.

Sodium

300

Located in the throat, this cartilaginous organ contains the vocal cords and is commonly known as the voice box.

larynx

300

This subatomic particle, discovered by James Chadwick in 1932, carries no electric charge and is found in the nucleus of an atom.

neutron

300

Spanning from 1929 into the late 1930s, this severe worldwide economic downturn began after the U.S. stock market crash on "Black Tuesday."

The Great Depression

300

This literary device occurs when non-human objects or abstract concepts are given human traits, emotions, or behaviors.

personification

400

Signed in 1215 at Runnymede, this document limited the power of the English King and laid the groundwork for constitutional law.

The Magna Carta

400

Written by Mary Shelley in 1818, this classic Gothic novel carries the subtitle The Modern Prometheus.

Frankenstein

400

Formed by the collision of the Indian and Eurasian tectonic plates, this mountain range contains the world's highest peaks.

Himalayas

400

This European capital city is bisected by the Danube River, separating its two historically distinct sections: Buda and Pest.

Budapest

400

Measuring over 1,200 miles off the coast of Queensland, Australia, this is the world's largest living structure.

The Great Barrier Reef

400

This post-impressionist painter famously cut off part of his own ear and created iconic works such as The Starry Night and Sunflowers.

Vincent van Gogh

400

Named after an Italian scientist, this physical constant—approximately 6.022 times 10^{23}—represents the number of particles in one mole of a substance.

Avogadro's number

400

Fought in 1863 in Pennsylvania, this three-day battle is often considered the most critical turning point of the American Civil War.

Battle of Gettysburg

400

Launched in October 1957 by the Soviet Union, this was the world's first artificial satellite, kicking off the Space Race.

Sputnik 1

400

This form of Japanese poetry consists of three phrases with a 5, 7, 5 syllable structure, traditionally focusing on nature or seasons.

Haiku

500

Located between Jordan and the West Bank, this hyper-saline lake sits at the lowest land elevation on Earth.

Dead Sea

500

This African capital city, located near the Nile River Delta, is the largest city in the Arab world.

Cairo

500

Home to the ancient ruins of Chichen Itza, this Mexican peninsula separates the Gulf of Mexico from the Caribbean Sea.

Yucatán Peninsula 

500

In music theory, this term describes an eight-note interval separating two notes of the same pitch class.

octave

500

Depicting a figure with an agonized expression against a swirling orange sky, this iconic expressionist painting was created by Edvard Munch in 1893.

The Scream

500

This composer composed his famous 9th Symphony, featuring the "Ode to Joy," after becoming completely deaf.

Ludwig van Beethoven


500

Painted on the ceiling of the Sistine Chapel between 1508 and 1512, this famous fresco depicts God giving life to the first human.

The Creation of Adam

500

At 19,341 feet, Mount Kilimanjaro is the highest peak on this continent.

Africa

500

Located off the southeast coast of Africa, this island nation is famous for its unique biodiversity, including lemurs found nowhere else on Earth.

Madagascar

500

Marked by a boundary called the event horizon, this region of spacetime exhibits gravitational acceleration so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape it.

A black hole