General
If a source has missing publication details, e.g. no date, no author, etc., should I make up the details?
Definitely not!!! This goes against academic integrity principles
This always comes first in a Harvard reference
AUTHOR - Surname, Initial of given name
This usually comes last in an in-text citation
Page number OR author - dependent on whether you cite a specific idea or the general idea
I have sorted my citations according to the order in which I have cited them in my essay - True/False?
FALSE! Always sort the reference list/bibliography in ALPHABETIC ORDER
Which comes first: issue number or journal volume?
Journal volume, THEN issue number:
- vol. 28, no. 3
- 28(3)
I cite like this if I am engaging with an idea from a specific part of the text
(Kozulin 1993, p. 257)
I have paraphrased another author's words and put them into my essay. To cite or not to cite, true or false?
TRUE - always cite if you have quoted, paraphrased, or summarised another author's ideas
Which part of a Harvard reference is always italicised?
The container of the text is ALWAYS italicised - container refers to works that contain other works, sort of like 'collections'. E.g. An article is contained in a journal, a chapter is contained in a book, an entry is contained in an encyclopaedia/dictionary.
I cite like this if I am citing a main idea of an article
(Kozulin 1993)
Kozulin, A 1993, "Literature as a psychological tool", Educational Psychologist, no. 3, vol. 28, pp. 253-265
Which parts are incorrect?
Double quotations are used in the title
Volume and issue number are reversed
Kozulin, A 1993, 'Literature as a psychological tool', Educational Psychologist, vol. 28, no. 3, pp. 253-265
How do I cite different sources written by the same author?
In the reference list, organise the sources chronologically, e.g.
Smith, C. (1981) ...
Smith, C. (1984) ...
Smith, C. (1985) ...
I use 'et al' when...
There are three or more authors: e.g. (Leeder et al. 1996, p. 78)
If I have read something as part of my research, but I have not cited it in-text/used it as a quotation, do I put it in my bibliography?
FALSE, only ever cite what has been cited IN-TEXT in your bibliography
What is an appropriate way to cite an author who has published multiple texts in one year?
Smith, C. (1992a) ...
Smith, C. (1992b) ...
Smith, C. (1992c) ...
What is an appropriate way to cite a quote inside a quote?
(Festinger, 1957, cited in Skelton, 2011, p.258) ...
(Bonus question: Do I cite Festinger in my reference list?)