Hazards
Can be measured by Combustible Gas Indicators (CGI), Multi-gas Monitors, Photoionization Detectors (PID), and Flame Ionization Detectors (FID)
What is FLAMMABILITY?
TRUE OR FALSE
Infrared Spectroscopy can be used to identify biological agents
What is FALSE
Radiation detection and measurement instruments can be used to monitor Alpha, Beta, Neutron, and _____ radiation
What is GAMMA?
This is considered the "gold standard" in laboratory environments for forensic substance identification
What is GAS CHROMATOGRAPHY/MASS SPECTROMETRY (GC/MS)?
Electrochemical Cells are limited in that they only detect _____
What is CARBON MONOXIDE?
This is the OSHA-determined minimum percentage of oxygen that is permissible.
What is 19.5%?
This technology identifies specific DNA sequences and monitors DNA replication in a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) apparatus
What is DNA FLUOROSCOPY?
Geiger-Mueller probes will differentiate between ______ and _______
What are GAMMA and BETA?
This technology tests for solids, liquids, and pastes; water; inorganic oxides; organic compounds; and CANNOT identify biological agents, metals, and simple ionic salts
What is INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY?
These two technologies - one electric and one not - provide information about the corrosivity of a substance
What are pH METERS and pH PAPER?
This hazard is measured by a Geiger Counter (among other instruments), which detects both gamma and beta
What is RADIOACTIVITY
This device provides rapid field detection of biological warfare agents by detecting specific antibodies; limited by false positives and porous substances
What are HAND HELD ASSAYS (HHA) or BIOLOGICAL IMMUNOASSAY INDICATORS
Typical background radiation is ____ to _____ mR/hr
What is 0.01-0.05?
This technology is sensitive enough to pinpoint small leaks in pipes, and translates changes in gas concentrations into electrical signals
What is a METAL OXIDE SENSOR?
Detects oxygen deficient and enriched atmospheres; some materials such as chlorine or fluorine may indicate high or normal levels of oxygen when this is not the case
What is an OXYGEN METER?
Pathogenicity is the ______ of a pathogen; in other words, how ill an individual may become
What is VIRULENCE?
On-scene field detection using DNA fluoroscopy is:
What is PRESUMPTIVE?
What kind of dosimeters are product specific, with other chemicals able to interfere with readings?
What are PASSIVE DOSIMETERS?
Commonly used in chemistry, this technology provides a fingerprint by which molecules can be identified - the laser should not be used on flammable, explosive, or dark-colored materials
What is RAMAN SPECTROSCOPY?
Able to detect the presence of blister and nerve agents simultaneously; may be affected by large amounts of dust, dirt, or water in environment
What is SURFACE ACOUSTICAL WAVE (SAW)?
This is the following hazard to be checked after Combustibility when entering an unknown atmosphere:
What is OXYGEN AVAILABILITY/DEFICIENCY?
A highly sensitive technique by which minute quantities of specific DNA/RNA sequences can be enzymatically amplified; cannot differentiate between living and dead organisms
What is POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION (PCR)?
Performs qualitative and quantiative analysis of gamma raditation and identifies isotopes; susceptible to temperature variations
What is a GAMMA SPECTROMETER / RADIATION ISOTOPE IDENTIFICATION DEVICE (RIID)?
This technology destroys most of the components it is detecting and is usually the last detector used; it tests for organic compounds, proteins, nucleotides, and pharmaceuticals which can be burned
What is a FLAME IONIZATION DETECTOR (FID)?
This technology uses a platinum catalyst to measure the relative flammability of gases and to determine percentage of LEL
What is a COMBUSTIBLE GAS INDICATOR (CGI)?