Preindustrial America
Received through apprenticeship.
What is medical training?
Urbanization led to the concentration of medical practice. The office-based practice began which led to higher incomes.
What is the medical profession?
First broad-coverage health insurance in the U.S.
What is worker's compensation?
They practice osteopathic medicine.
What is a DO?
Nurses who have education and clinical experience beyond that required of an RN.
What are advanced-practice nurses?
Known more as a trade and procedures were "primitive". Bleeding and purging with enemas were popular.
What is medical practice?
Founded in 1847. Protects physician interest.
What is the American Medical Association?
Justin F. Kimball began hospital insurance for teachers at Baylor University.
What is the birth of Blue Cross?
Physician that deals with particular disease or organ systems.
What is a specialist?
Their work alleviates problems created by the geographic maldistribution.
What are NPP services?
Hospitals had poor sanitary conditions. Almshouses were used as shelters for the homeless. Asylums were intended to prevent people from wandering the streets.
What are medical institutions?
Universities affiliated with medical schools in 1870. Education increased from 2 years to 3 years.
What is educational reform?
Began in 1939, designed to pay physicians' fees.
What is the birth of Blue Shield?
Organizes around the site of care. Mostly involved in inpatient medicine.
What is a hospitalist?
They receive less than 2 years of postsecondary education and require supervision from therapists or technologists.
What are technicians and assistants?
Health care had to be purchased using personal funds because health insurance did not exist.
What is a free market?
Technological advances and training produced the need for centralized facilities.
What is the development of hospitals?
A way to control wartime inflation, employee benefits we a legit part of union, and health coverage were nontaxable.
What is employment-based health insurance?
Usually first-contact care and is regarded as the portal of entry to the health care system.
What is primary care?
Recieve education and more advance training than technicians and assistants. May include evaluating patients, diagnosing problems, and developing treatment plans.
What are technologists and therapists?
Was viewed as "aberrant" behavior. Penal methods were used to restore sanity.
What is mental illness?
Community mental health was born and deinstitutionalization became common thinking. Drug therapies became more common.
What is the reform of mental health care?
Health care coverage for those over the age of 65, disabled, or those in end-stage renal disease.
What is medicare?
There are more specialists than there are generalists.
What is maldistribution of physicians?
May be employed in different levels in organizations that deliver health services. May be responsible for the long-term success of an organization.
What are health services administrators?