The Cases
what is case definition?
A case definition includes criteria for person, place, time, and clinical features.
what is Direct transmission?
an infectious agent is transferred from a reservoir to a susceptible host by direct contact or droplet spread
what is Primary prevention?
aims to prevent disease or injury before it ever occurs.
what is an Active carrier?
One who harbors a pathogenic organism for a clinically significant time and is able to pass the infection to others.
what is Rehabilitation?
The process of helping a person who has suffered an illness or injury restore lost skills and so regain maximum self-sufficiency
What is the Primary case?
The term primary case can only apply to infectious diseases that spread from human to human and refer to the person who first brings a disease into a group of people.
what is Indirect transmission?
occurs when there is no direct human-to-human contact.
what is Active primary prevention?
includes those preventive measures that come before the onset of illness or injury and before the disease process begins
what is Healthy or passive carriers?
patient harboring an infectious agent could become a passive carrier
what is epidemic?
a widespread occurrence of an infectious disease in a community at a particular time.
What is a Secondary case?
A person who gets a disease from exposure to a person with the disease, or primary case.
what is Airborne transmission?
occurs when bacteria or viruses travel on dust particles or on small respiratory droplets that may become aerosolized when people sneeze, cough, laugh, or exhale
what is Passive primary prevention?
does not require behavior change on the part of the individual in order to prevent a disease or disorder from occurring
what is Convalescent carrier?
are those who have recovered from their illness but remain capable of transmitting to others
what is pandemic?
prevalent over a whole country or the world.
what is Suspect Case?
There is supportive laboratory evidence.
What is Vector-borne transmission?
results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding anthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas.
what is Secondary prevention?
trying to detect a disease early and prevent it from getting worse.
what is an Incubatory carrier?
are those who can transmit the agent during the incubation period before clinical illness begins.
what is Zoonosis?
What is Index Case?
identified a case in a group of related cases of a particular communicable or heritable disease.
what is Vehicle-borne transmission?
indirect transmission of an infectious agent that occurs when a vehicle touches a person's body or is ingested
what is Tertiary prevention?
trying to improve your quality of life and reduce the symptoms of a disease you already have
what is Intermittent carrier?
One who harbors an infectious organism
what is Epidemiology?