Cardiovascular System
Write three components of the cardiovascular system.
Heart, blood, and blood vessels
What is the physical and chemical breakdown of complex nutrients into simpler, water-soluble substances the body can use?
Digestion
Write two benefits of excercise
Answer may vary
What is the term given when the ovum and sperm unite to fertilize an egg?
Zygote
What is a convenient source of nutrition information about foods and how they fit in your diet?
Food label
What is the ability of the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and muscles to work together to perform activities and withstand stress?
Cardiorespiratory endurance
What is the stomach’s major function in the digestive system?
stored food
How long should a typical warm-up last?
About 5–10 minutes
Which stage of childhood is characterized by a high level of energy?
3 to 6 years
Food made of sugar are what type of nutrient?
Carbohydrates
What are large spongy organs located inside the thoracic cavity on either side of the heart?
Lungs
Where does the initial processing of food begin?
Mouth
What is the ability of the muscles to keep working over a period of time?
Muscular endurance
Write two functions of the placenta.
Provides oxygen and nutrients to the baby; removes waste products
Write three examples of carbohydrates.
Bread, rice, and pasta. (may vary)
What are the three major functions of the digestive system?
Digestion, absorption, and elimination of waste
Write the most important difference between aerobic and anaerobic exercises.
Aerobic uses oxygen and lasts longer; anaerobic does not use oxygen and is short and intense
Zygote is the name given to the baby from nine weeks until birth. (True or False?)
False — that stage is called the fetus
What visual tool divides food into six food groups?
Food Guide Pyramid
What is the vital capacity of an average-sized person?
About 4½ liters
Has the largest diameter of any section of the gastrointestinal tract.
Stomach
Pushing or pulling against an immovable object is what type of exercise?
Isometric exercise
Explain how exercise can help reduce stress levels.
Exercise releases endorphins and reduces muscle tension, which helps relieve stress
What amount of salt is recommended by doctors in a day?
About 1/4 teaspoon