Health and Human Development - U4 AOS 2

🌏 CATEGORY 1 — SDGs & GLOBAL HEALTH

100

What does SDG stand for?

Sustainable Development Goals.

200

How many Sustainable Development Goals are there?

17

300

Name 2 of the outcomes all 17 goals are trying to achieve? 

The 17 global goals work together to achieve the following outcomes:

- End extreme poverty and hunger 

- Address diseases and promote health and wellbeing 

- Empower women and girls 

- Tackle climate change  

-Fight inequalities within and among countries 

- Build peaceful, just and inclusive societies 

- Protect human rights

400

Explain two ways the SDGs can promote both health and human development globally. (Reference specific key features of the SDG)

Answers may include reducing poverty, improving education, increasing access to healthcare, improving sanitation/water, reducing inequalities and promoting sustainability.

500

Analyse why achieving the SDGs requires countries to work together rather than individual countries acting alone.

Global issues such as poverty, disease, climate change and inequality cross national borders. International cooperation allows countries to share resources, knowledge, technology and funding, increasing the ability to address these issues and improve global health and human development.

❤️ CATEGORY 2 — SDG 3 & RELATIONSHIPS

100

What is the title of SDG 3? (long version)

Good Health and Wellbeing: Ensure Healthy Lives and Promote Wellbeing for all at all ages 

200

Name 2 Key features of SDG 5: Gender Equality 

• End all forms of discrimination against all women and girls, including putting in place laws that protect the rights of women and girls.

• End all forms of violence against women and girls, including human trafficking and sexual exploitation.

• Eliminate harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female genital mutilation.

• Recognise and value unpaid domestic work and promote shared responsibility within households.

• Ensure women's participation in decision-making in political, economic and public life, and ensure they are given leadership opportunities.

• Ensure women have control over their sexual and reproductive health and can access sexual and reproductive healthcare services.

• Ensure women have equal rights to economic resources, including access to ownership and control over land and other forms of property, financial services, inheritance and natural resources.

• Improve access to and use of information and communication technology to promote women's empowerment and equality.

 

300

Identify SDG 2 and Identify 3 Key features 

• End hunger and ensure all people, particularly those living in poverty and vulnerable situations such as infants, have access to safe, nutritious and sufficient food.

• End all forms of malnutrition, including undernutrition and overnutrition, particularly among children under five.

• Improve agricultural practices so everyone has equal access to land, sustainable practices are implemented, genetic diversity of seeds, plants and animals is maintained, and communities can adapt to climate change and extreme weather.

• Increase investment in agriculture, infrastructure, research and technology.

• Address trade restrictions that disadvantage farmers, particularly in low- and middle-income countries.

400

Analyse the relationship between SDG 3 and SDG 4: Quality Education.

Education can improve health literacy and knowledge about healthy behaviours, disease prevention and healthcare. Better education can also improve employment opportunities and income, which can increase access to healthcare to treat preventable deaths of newborns such as Diarrhea 

500

Explain how SDG 6: Clean Water and Sanitation can contribute to achieving SDG 3. (make reference to key features of Both SDG's)

SDG 6 aims to ensure availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all, improving access to safe drinking water, sanitation and hygiene through SDG 6 can reduce the spread of waterborne diseases, such as diarrhoeal diseases. This can reduce illness and deaths, particularly among children, contributing to SDG 3's focus on reducing preventable deaths and communicable diseases and improving health and wellbeing.

🌐 CATEGORY 3 — WHO

100

What does WHO stand for?

World Health Organization.

200

What is 1 goal of the WHO?

1. PROMOTE HEALTH (Healthier populations)

2. PROVIDE HEALTH (Universal health coverage)

3. PROTECT HEALTH (Health emergencies) 

300

Identify 2 objectives of the Goal: PROMOTE HEALTH (Healthier populations) 

1. Respond to climate change, which is an increasing health threat

2. Address health determinants and the main causes of ill health

400

A WHO objective focuses on reducing the spread of infectious diseases. A country introduces a national vaccination program. 

Explain how this scenario reflects the WHO's goal and objective.

Goal: PROVIDE HEALTH(Universal health coverage) 

Objective: Advance primary health care and essential health system capacities for universal health coverage

Or 

Goal: PROTECT HEALTH(Health emergencies) 

Objective: Rapidly detect and sustain an effective response to all health emergencies

500

A country has high maternal mortality, limited access to healthcare and poor health education. Analyse how TWO WHO objectives could be used to improve health in this country.

Students could select relevant WHO objectives and explain how they address maternal mortality, healthcare access, health education, disease prevention or health inequalities. They must link the objective → action → health outcome → WHO goal.

WHO Goal:
Promote universal health coverage and improve access to quality healthcare services.

Objective:
The government could train more midwives and healthcare workers and establish accessible maternal health clinics in rural areas.

Health outcome:
More women would have access to skilled healthcare during pregnancy and childbirth, reducing complications and maternal deaths.

💰 CATEGORY 4 — TYPES OF AID & AUSTRALIA'S AID PROGRAM

100

What is aid?

Assistance provided to countries or communities to support humanitarian needs, reduce poverty, improve human development and/or promote health.

200

What is bilateral aid?

Aid provided directly from one countries government to another.

300

What is the difference between bilateral and multilateral aid?

Bilateral: one country provides aid directly to another country.
Multilateral: countries contribute resources to an international organisation, which distributes aid across countries/programs.

400

Australia provides funding to an international organisation that uses the money to improve maternal and child health across several developing countries. Identify the type of aid and justify your answer.

Multilateral aid, because Australia is providing funding through an international organisation rather than directly delivering the program to another country. 

500

Analyse why Australia delivers its aid program through partnerships with governments, international organisations and NGOs.

Partnerships allow Australia to combine funding, expertise, local knowledge, infrastructure and resources. NGOs and local organisations may have strong relationships with communities, while international organisations can coordinate large-scale programs. This can improve the reach, efficiency, sustainability and effectiveness of aid.

🤝 CATEGORY 5 — EFFECTIVE AID & SOCIAL ACTION

100

Name one feature of an effective aid program.

Monitoring and Evaluation

Ownership of Recipient Country 

Partnership and Collaboration 

Focused on Development Results 

200

How could an individual take action in response to a certain issue? 

- From their couch 

- At home

- Community 

- Work

300

Why is community participation important when designing an aid program?

Community participation ensures the program addresses genuine local needs and considers local knowledge and culture. It can also increase ownership, engagement and sustainability.

400

Define Social Action and give 3 ways social action can be taken?

Social action involves working with or influencing other people, communities or organisations to create change. 

• Volunteering – Give your time or skills to an organisation or community.

• Fundraising – Organise an event or activity to raise money for a cause.

• Donating money – Give money to an NGO or organisation supporting a health or development issue.

• Donating goods – Provide useful items such as food, clothing, school supplies or medical equipment.

• Petitions – Collect signatures to show support for an issue and encourage decision-makers to act.

• Awareness campaigns – Educate others about an issue through posters, social media, events or presentations.

• Lobbying governments – Contact politicians or government representatives to advocate for change.

• Boycotting – Refuse to purchase or support a product/company because of unethical practices.

• Purchasing power – Use consumer choices to support ethical, sustainable or socially responsible businesses.

• Social enterprise – Support or create a business that generates income while addressing a social or environmental issue.

500

Evaluate the effectiveness of an aid program that provides a community with clean water infrastructure, trains local workers to maintain it and involves community members in decision-making.

Highly effective because it:

• addresses a significant health need
• provides sustainable infrastructure
• builds local capacity through training
• involves the community
• increases ownership
• can reduce waterborne disease
• can improve health and human development over the long term.