Miscellaneous
Snellen chart
Explain the difference between a sign and a symptom.
Sign: an objective abnormality that you, as the examiner, can detect on physical assessment or in lab reports
Symptom: a subjective sensation that the patient experiences
What are the 3 types of muscle tissue?
1) cardiac
2) skeletal
3) smooth
Activation of which nervous system causes pupil constriction?
Parasympathetic nervous system
What should a normal tympanic membrane look like?
oval, slightly concave, translucent with a pearly gray color
the choroid
Name 4 determinants of health.
Geographical location, genetics, education, employment, income, housing, nutrition, lifestyle, etc.
Ortolani's maneuver is a test performed on infants that checks for what musculoskeletal disorder?
hip dysplasia
By what age should a child's vision be 20/20?
6-7 years
What are the 2 different types of hearing loss?
1. Conductive hearing loss
2. Sensorineural (perceptive) hearing loss
*3. Mixed*
Name 2 synovial joints of the body.
Knee, shoulder, hip, elbow, ankles, wrists
Name 3 nontherapeutic types of language that shouldn't be used by the nurse.
Unwanted advice, false reassurance, medical jargon, leading or biased questions, "why" questions, interrupting, using authority, etc.
What are the 4 motions of the vertebral column?
1) flexion
2) extension
3) abduction
4) rotation
What part of the eye is the area of keenest vision?
the macula
Which tuning fork test compares air conduction to bone conduction?
Rinne test
Explain the difference between a Swan-neck and Boutonniere deformity.
a Swan-neck deformity is the abnormal fixed bending of the distal finger joints. a Boutonniere deformity is the abnormal fixed bending of the middle finger joints. Both are caused by Rheumatoid arthritis.
Using the PQRSTU mnemonic, list the 6 components of the present illness/pain interview.
Precipitating and Palliative factors, Quality, Region/Radiation, Severity, Timing, You
Longitudinal bone growth continues until closure of the epiphyses, which finish closing around what age?
20 years
Movement of the extraocular muscles are stimulated by what 3 cranial nerves?
III, IV and VI
An infant's __________ _____ are more horizontal that an adult's, making them more susceptible to middle ear infections.
Eustachian tubes
When shining your penlight on the tympanic membrane, where should you see the cone of light in each ear?
5 o-clock in the right ear and 7 o-clock in the left ear
Using the HEEADSSS mnemonic, list the 8 components of the adolescent health interview.
Home environment, Education/employment, Eating habits, Activities, Drugs, Sexuality, Suicidal thoughts/depression, Safety
What are the two tests used to help diagnose carpal tunnel syndrome?
Phalen's test and Tinnel's sign
Which vision test is an approximate measure of peripheral vision?
Confrontation test
What are the 3 functions of the middle ear?
1. conducts sound vibrations
2. protects from loud sounds
3. equalizes air pressure