General Health
How many bones does an adult human usually have?
206
What is an adolescent health issue?
A health issue that significantly affects adolescents/young people and their wellbeing.
What are the four dimensions of hauora in Te Whare Tapa Whā? In English
Physical, Social, Mental/Emotional, Spiritual
What is an influence?
Something that can affect a person's attitudes, decisions, behaviours or health.
Social media → body image → taha hinengaro → eating behaviours
explain the connections.
Social media can expose adolescents to edited or unrealistic images, which may lead them to compare themselves to others and feel negatively about their body image. This can impact their taha hinengaro through lower self-esteem or negative emotions. These feelings may then influence eating behaviours, such as restricting food or skipping meals.
What part of your body contains the smallest bones?
the middle ear
Name three examples of adolescent health issues.
mental health, vaping, sexual health, body image, substance use, sleep, obesity, bullying, screentime, social media use
What are the four dimensions of hauora in Te Whare Tapa Whā? In reo
Taha tinana, taha hinengaro, taha whānau and taha wairua.
Name three general interpersonal influences on adolescent health behaviours.
Peers, whānau, teachers, coaches, partner
Peers → vaping → social acceptance → hauora
Peers can influence vaping if it is seen as normal within a friendship group. An adolescent may vape because they want to fit in or be accepted. This behaviour can affect their hauora, particularly taha tinana, and potentially taha whānau if it causes conflict at home.
True or false: Your brain itself can feel pain.
False — the brain has no pain receptors.
What makes something a health issue rather than simply an individual problem?
It affects the wellbeing of individuals/groups and can be influenced by wider social, cultural, economic and environmental factors.
Taha hinengaro relates to which dimension of health?
Mental and Emotional health
Give one positive and one negative influence peers can have on health.
Positive: encourage healthy behaviour/help-seeking. Negative: pressure/risk-taking/normalisation of harmful behaviours.
Cost of healthy food → socioeconomic status → diet → taha tinana
An adolescent living in a household with limited financial resources may have less access to nutritious food because healthier options can be more difficult to afford. This can influence their diet and, over time, affect taha tinana through things such as energy levels, nutrition and physical health.
What is the only part of the human body that has no blood supply?
The cornea
A 16-year-old regularly drinks alcohol at parties. They feel pressure to drink because they don't want their friends to think they're boring, and have begun experiencing problems at home and school as a result.
Adolescent alcohol use / harmful drinking
Liam gets home from school and spends several hours gaming each night. He often doesn't eat properly, gets very little physical activity and regularly sleeps less than six hours.
Name how 2 dimensions are being impacted
Why can peers have a particularly strong influence during adolescence?
belonging/acceptance within peer groups can become particularly important.
Sleep → school workload → stress → taha hinengaro
A heavy school workload may cause an adolescent to stay up late to complete work. Getting less sleep can make it harder to concentrate and manage emotions, which can increase feelings of stress. This can negatively affect taha hinengaro.
What is the world's most common infectious disease?
The common cold
Why is adolescence considered an important time for health? Name THREE reasons.
Why is it stronger to explain a relationship between dimensions rather than simply listing four impacts?
It demonstrates understanding of how dimensions are interconnected (a change in one area of hauora will influence other areas)
Ella has been feeling really tired lately. She knows she should get to bed earlier, but she often stays up finishing assignments because she wants to get good grades and feels like she needs to do well at school.
Question: What personal influence is affecting Ella's health behaviour?
Her values/beliefs. She places a high value on academic achievement and believes she needs to prioritise schoolwork, even when it affects her sleep.
Culture → health beliefs → help-seeking → access to support
An adolescent's culture can influence their beliefs about health and whether seeking help is considered acceptable. These beliefs may affect whether they talk to someone or access a health service. If they don't seek help, they may have less access to support that could improve their wellbeing.