Ancient Times
This time period believed illness was caused by supernatural spirits and demons, and tribal witch doctors performed ceremonies to drive them out.
Who were the Primitive Times?
This civilization was the first to organize medical care, establishing early hospitals in homes and developing sanitation systems.
Who were the Ancient Romans?
Marked by the "rebirth of science," this era saw the creation of medical schools and the study of the body through dissection.
What was the Renaissance?
This 18th-century inventor created bifocals and experimented with electricity.
Who was Benjamin Franklin?
She started the first school of nursing during the Crimean War and made nursing an honorable profession.
Who was Florence Nightingale?
They were the earliest people to keep health records, identified diseases, and used bloodletting.
Who were the Ancient Egyptians?
He dissected animals, believed dissection was key to understanding the body, and used pulse as a diagnostic tool.
Who was Claudius Galen?
This famous artist studied and recorded the anatomy of the human body during the Renaissance.
Who was Leonardo da Vinci?
He developed the smallpox vaccination in the 18th century.
Who was Edward Jenner?
She established the American Red Cross in the 19th century.
Who was Clara Barton?
This ancient civilization was the first to use acupuncture therapies and treated disease with stone tools.
Who were the Ancient Chinese?
During this era spanning 400–1400 AD, the study of medicine stopped for over 1,000 years and was mostly practiced in monasteries.
What were the Dark and Middle Ages?
This invention made books readily available to study, replacing hand-copying by monks.
What was the Printing Press?
He instituted hand washing to prevent childbed fever.
Who was Ignaz Semmelweiss?
He proved microorganisms cause disease and invented pasteurization.
Who was Louis Pasteur?
Known as the "Father of Medicine," he studied the causes of disease and established a code of ethics still referenced today.
Who was Hippocrates?
This major plague and epidemic struck Europe during the Dark Ages.
What was the Bubonic Plague?
In the 16th and 17th centuries, he described the pumping heart and blood circulation.
Who was William Harvey?
He invented the stethoscope in the 19th century.
Who was Rene Laennec?
He was the first doctor to use antiseptics during surgery to prevent infection.
Who was Joseph Lister?
This Ancient Greek philosopher dissected animals to study body structures.
Who was Aristotle?
This nursery rhyme beginning with "Ring around the rosies" was created in remembrance of the Bubonic Plague.
What is "Ring Around the Rosie"?
He invented the microscope in the 17th century.
Who was Anton van Leeuwenhoek?
He discovered X-rays in the late 19th century.
Who was Wilhelm Roentgen?
Known as the "Father of Microbiology".
Who was Robert Koch?