Heart Anatomy
What is the name for the receiving chamber of the heart?
Atrium
The left side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the tissues? T/F?
False: the left side receives oxygenated blood from the lungs
What is considered the "pacemaker" of the heart
SA node
What is a feature that veins have, but arteries don't? Why is this important?
valves; prevents backflow of blood
The ____ side of the heart has a larger ____________ layer to pump blood at a greater volume.
left, myocardium.
What allows for the opening and closing of the valves in the heart?
Pressure and volume change
What is the feature of cardiac muscle that allows it contract together?
Intercalated Disc; desmosomes
where does the exchange of blood hormone, gases, nutrients take place?
capillaries
which type of valve is located between the ventricles and major arteries? And what are the two in the heart?
Semilunar valves; pulmonary and aortic
What are the three veins that empty into the R. Atrium and where are they bring blood from?
IVC: Blood from lower extremities
SVC: Blood from upper extremities
Coronary Sinus: Blood from the heart
Explain the depolarization phase of an action potential in a PACEMAKER cell.
Calcium channels open causing depolarization
What are the three layers of a vessel wall and their functions?
Tunica intima
Tunica media
Tunica externa
slide 4 for functions
Where is the heart located in the body?
mediastinum, 5th intercostal, superior to diaphragm, anterior to vertebrae, posterior to sternum
Which circuit has a long and high friction circulation?
Systemic
Describe the action potentials of cardiac MUSCLE cells and how it differs from pacemaker cells.
1. Depo: Influx of NA
2. Plateau: Slow influx of Ca
3. Repo: Ca channels close, K open
the plateau phase is the main difference and it is to ensure efficient ejection of blood
Why can't blood flow directly from arteries into capillaries and out into veins? What happens to the vessels before reaching the capillaries?
Capillaries are very fragile vessels. Blood pressure has to decrease before entering, so arteries decrease in size and are now arterioles. Veins:venules
What are the three layers of the heart wall?
Myocardium
Endocardium
What is the blood pathway from the heart through the pulmonary and systemic circuits. Including the vessels and valves
(IVC,SVC,Coronary Sinus)->R. Atrium->Tri. Valve->R. Ventricle->Pulmonary Valve->Pulmonary artery->Lungs->Pulmonary Veins->L. Atrium->Bicuspid->L. Ventricle-> Aortic Valve->Aorta-> Body Systems
What is the order in which cardiac pacemaker cells pass impulses through the heart (Intrinsic Conduction System)
Slide 41
explain the hepatic portal system
Blood from the digestive organs are filtered through the liver before returning to the systemic circuit