Signs/Symptoms
A patient has a history of heart failure. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the patient may be experiencing heart failure exacerbation?
A. “I’ve noticed that I’ve gain 6 lbs in one week.”
B. “While I sleep I have to prop myself up with a pillow so I can breathe.”
C. “I haven’t noticed any swelling in my feet or hands lately.”
D. Options B and C are correct.
E. Options A and B are correct.
E. Options A and B are correct.
A patient has a history of heart failure. Which of the following diagnosis in the patient medical history placed him at risk for heart failure? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY
A. Type 2 Diabetes
B. Benign prostatic hyperplasia
C. Hypertension
D. Chronic kidney Disease
E. Hyperthyroidism
A, C, E
. A 74 year old female presents to the ER with complaints of dyspnea, persistent cough, and unable to sleep at night due to difficulty breathing. On assessment, you note crackles throughout the lung fields, respiratory rate of 25, and an oxygen saturation of 90% on room air. Which of the following lab results confirm your suspicions of heart failure?
A. K+ 5.6
B. BNP 820
C. BUN 9
D. Troponin <0.02
B. BNP 820
A patient with left-sided heart failure is having difficulty breathing. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention?
A. Encourage the patient to cough and deep breathe.
B. Place the patient in Semi-Fowler's position.
C. Assist the patient into High Fowler's position.
D. Perform chest percussion therapy.
C. Assist the patient into High Fowler's position.
These drugs are used as first-line treatment of heart failure. They work by allowing more blood to flow to the heart which decreases the work load of the heart and allows the kidneys to secrete sodium. However, some patients can develop a nagging cough with these types of drugs. This description describes?
A. Beta-blockers
B. Vasodilators
C. Angiotensin II receptor blockers
D. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors
D. Angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors
Which of the following are NOT typical signs and symptoms of right-sided heart failure? Select-all-that-apply:
A. Jugular venous distention
B. Persistent cough
C. Weight gain
D. Crackles
E. Nocturia
F. Orthopnea
B. Persistent cough
D. Crackles
F. Orthopnea
Patients with heart failure can experience episodes of exacerbation. All of the patients below have a history of heart failure. Which of the following patients are at MOST risk for heart failure exacerbation?
A. A 55 year old female who limits sodium and fluid intake regularly.
B. A 73 year old male who reports not taking Amiodarone for one month and is experiencing atrial fibrillation.
C. A 67 year old female who is being discharged home from heart valve replacement surgery.
D. A 78 year old male who has a health history of eczema and cystic fibrosis.
B. A 73 year old male who reports not taking Amiodarone for one month and is experiencing atrial fibrillation.
Which of the following tests/procedures are NOT used to diagnose heart failure?
A. Echocardiogram
B. Brain natriuretic peptide blood test
C. Nuclear stress test
D. Holter monitoring
D. Holter monitoring
You're providing diet discharge teaching to a patient with a history of heart failure. Which of the following statements made by the patient represents they understood the diet teaching?
A. "I will limit my sodium intake to 5-6 grams a day."
B. "I will be sure to incorporate canned vegetables and fish into my diet."
C. "I'm glad I can still eat sandwiches because I love bologna and cheese sandwiches."
D. "I will limit my consumption of frozen meals."
D. "I will limit my consumption of frozen meals."
During your morning assessment of a patient with heart failure, the patient complains of sudden vision changes that include seeing yellowish-green halos around the lights. Which of the following medications do you suspect is causing this issue?
A. Lisinopril
B. Losartan
C. Lasix
D. Digoxin
D. Digoxin
Which of the following is a late sign of heart failure?
A. Shortness of breath
B. Orthopnea
C. Edema
D. Frothy-blood tinged sputum
D. Frothy-blood tinged sputum
Acute pulmonary edema caused by heart failure is usually a result of damage to which of the following areas of the heart?
A. Left atrium
B. Right atrium
C. Left ventricle
D. Right ventricle
C. Left ventricle
Which of the following blood gas abnormalities is initially most suggestive of pulmonary edema?
A. Anoxia
B. Hypercapnia
C. Hyperoxygenation
D. Hypocapnia
D. Hypocapnia
You are assisting a patient up from the bed to the bathroom. The patient has swelling in the feet and legs. The patient is receiving treatment for heart failure and is taking Hydralazine and Isordil. Which of the following is a nursing priority for this patient while assisting them to the bathroom?
A. Measure and record the urine voided.
B. Assist the patient up slowing and gradually.
C. Place the call light in the patient's reach while in the bathroom.
D. Provide privacy for the patient.
B. Assist the patient up slowing and gradually.
A patient with heart failure is taking Losartan and Spironolactone. The patient is having EKG changes that presents with tall peaked T-waves and flat p-waves. Which of the following lab results confirms these findings?
A. Na+ 135
B. BNP 560
C. K+ 8.0
D. K+ 1.5
C. K+ 8.0