Diagnosis
The term used for when someone has an ejection fraction less than or equal to 40%
Heart Failure with Reduced Ejection Fraction
This class of medication is used to decrease edema and congestion, therefore providing symptomatic relief
Loop diuretics
Classes of medication used to decrease RAAS activation, decrease cardiac remodeling, improve LVEF, and decrease morbidity and mortality
ARNI/ACEI/ARB
A patient should notify their provider if they gain this amount of weight per day or week
2-4 lbs in one day or 3-5 pounds in a week
This medication used in T2DM has a BBW for causing or exacerbating congestive heart failure in some patients
Pioglitazone (Actos)
This imaging technique is commonly used to diagnose heart failure and assess heart function
Echocardiography
BiDil
The target dose of Entresto
97/103 mg BID
The amount of fluid that should not be exceeded in stage D HF
1.5-2L/day
Due to eplerenone's selectivity, it is an alternative to patients experiencing this side effect of spironolactone
Gynecomastia
This blood test measures levels of a lab that increases when the heart is under stress, often used in diagnosing heart failure
B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) or N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)
This medication class is recommended as adjunctive therapy in HFrEF who remain symptomatic despite optimal treatment with ACE inhibitors or ARBs, beta-blockers, ARA, and ARNIs
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors
Dose adjustment for digoxin when amiodarone is initiated
50% decrease
This lab should be checked and corrected prior to supplementing potassium
Magnesium
These two electrolyte abnormalities increase the risk of digoxin toxicity
Hypercalcemia and hypomagnesemia
The two primary causes of heart failure in the U.S.
Myocardial infarction and chronic hypertension
This medication, while not a first-line treatment for heart failure, may be considered in patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) to control heart rate and symptoms
Digoxin
This loop diuretic is appropriate to decrease fluid volume in a patient with a sulfa allergy
Ethacrynic acid
Patients with bipolar disorder using an ACEI/ARB or loop diuretic must be cautious as these agents can decrease this medication's renal clearance and increase the risk of toxicity
Lithium
Therapeutic range of digoxin for HF
0.5-0.9 ng/mL
This NYHA class refers to patients who have marked limitation of physical activity. Comfortable at rest but minimal exertion (ex: bathing, dressing) causes symptoms of HF.
NYHA class III
This formulation of potassium chloride can be opened and sprinkled on food
Micro-K
MOA of ivabradine
Disrupts the "funny" current in the SA node, resulting in a lower firing rate and decrease in heart rate
Supplementation with this natural product is reasonable to decrease mortality and cardiovascular hospitalizations
Omega-3 fatty acid (fish oil)
This class of medication, commonly used as an antiarrhythmic agent, may increase the risk of bradycardia or heart block when combined with beta-blockers in heart failure patients
Class I or class III antiarrhythmics