Mechanism of Action
This medication class works by acting on the sympathetic nervous system
What are beta blockers?
This medication regimen is the gold standard of evidence-based therapies to treat patients with heart failure
What is guideline directed medical therapy (GDMT)?
This medication class is widely utilized for symptomatic relief, but has no mortality benefit in patients with heart failure
What are diuretics?
This medication class works by blocking receptors that aldosterone binds to
What are mineralcorticoid receptor antagonists? (MRA)
Penn Medicine resource for guidelines on medical management of patients with heart failure
What is Penn Pathways?
This heart failure classification system uses functional ability to differentiate severity of heart failure
What is New York Heart Association classification?
This medication class provides symptom relief by decreasing sodium reabsorption at the loop of Henle
What are loop diuretics?
Hormonal pathway in the body responsible for homeostatic control of blood pressure
Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone system (RAAS)
This cause of heart failure could be treated with revascularization such as PCI or CABG
What is ischemia?
These medications have mechanisms that aren't totally understood, but thought to help heart failure by reducing oxidative stress and metabolic demand
What are SGLT2-inhibitors?
These beta blockers act only on the cardiac tissues (i.e. is cardio-selective)
What is:
Metoprolol
Carvedilol
Bisoprolol
Atenolol
Esmolol
This idea refers to the force against which the heart has to pump
What is afterload?
This medication class works by increasing the force with which the heart contracts
This medication class can be utilized when ACEs, ARBs, or ANRIs are unable to be used
What are vasodilators?
This idea refers to the amount of blood in the ventricles at the end of diastole
What is preload?