Pathophysiology
The most common cause of heart failure.
What is Coronary Artery Disease
Which class of drugs are the first-line therapy for heart failure
What is ACE inhibitors or ARBs
This position helps patients with acute pulmonary edema breathe easier.
What is high fowler's position
Name one hallmark symptom of left-sided heart failure.
What is Pulmonary congestion - dyspnea, orthopnea etc.
Which imaging test is used to measure ejection fraction
What is an Echocardiogram
Name two types of heart failure based on ejection fraction
What is Heart Failure with Reduced or Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFrEF & HFpEF
Which medication class is used to remove excess fluid in heart failure?
What are Diuretics
The recommended daily sodium intake for heart failure.
Which symptom is specific to right-sided heart failure?
Peripheral Edema or Jugular vein distention
What is BNP
The compensatory mechanism causes fluid retention in heart failure
What is the Activation of the RAAS - Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System
Which beta-blockers are specifically recommended for heart failure?
What are Carvedilol, Metoprolol, Bisoprolol
Name two key patient education points for heart failure self-care.
This is the amount of weight gain that is concerning for the worsening of heart failure.
What is 2-3 lbs in a day or 5 lbs in a week
A chest x-ray would show this in a patient with heart failure
Pulmonary congestion, cardiomegaly, pleural effusion
This heart sound is commonly heard in heart failure
What is a S3 gallop
Which heart failure medication reduces hospitalization by decreasing heart rate?
What is Ivabradine
Name the priority nursing action for a patient with worsening heart failure and low oxygen saturation
What are administer oxygen and assess lung sounds for pulmonary edema
An elevated BNP level indicates this.
What is heart failure exacerbation
Name the normal ejection fraction range.
What is 55%-65%
Name 3 neurohormonal responses activate in heart failure
What are the Sympathetic nervous, RAAS, Natriuretic Peptides
This IV medication is considered a vasopressor, which improves BP and diuresis.
What is Dopamine
Name the purpose of cardiac rehabilitation for heart failure patients
What is to improve exercise tolerance, reduce symptoms, and enhance quality of life
Paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea is a sign of right or left-sided heart failure
What is left side heart failure
Professor Inman LOVES this rock star
Who is BonJovi