Cardiac Disorders
What type of shunt causes cyanosis?
Right to Left
What are the three labs that you expect to be elevated in a child with Rheumatic Fever?
Antistreptolysis O, CRP, and ESR
Cyanotic or Acyanotic
Cyanotic
What is the medical term for a nosebleed?
Epistaxis
What vital sign should be known, checked before administering digoxin?
Pulse
Hold in children if <70
A child is returning from a cardiac catheterization. You notice the dressing is saturated? What is your priority nursing intervention?
Apply pressure above the insertion site
(about 1 inch)
Which lab test would you expect to be prolonged in a hemophilia client?
aPTT
Platelet and prothrombin time will be WNL
What two activities can cause a child to have a tet spell?
Crying and feeding
How do you position the head of a child who is experiencing epistaxis?
Iron should be given ___ hour(s) before or ____ hour(s) after milk or antacid?
1 hour before or 2 hours after
This helps to prevent decreased absorption of the iron supplement
What extremity would you check a pre ductal saturation?
What percentage? indicates further investigation
Right hand/wrist
<95% or a difference > 3% for pre/post
Coarctation of the aorta
Flow is shunted upward because of the narrow lumen in the aorta
What shape does the heart change to when a child has TOF?
boot shaped
Sickle cell anemia is caused by RBC sickling. What three pathophysiological changes happen due to this sickling?
> blood viscosity, < blood flow (obstruction), and tissue hypoxia.
What medication is given for mild forms of hemophilia?
For which hemophilia type is this medication not effective
DDAVP (increases factor VII)
Type B (because this type is a factor IX deficiency)
Transposition of the great arteries
Blue or nah?
What criteria is used to diagnose Rheumatic fever?
Jones Criteria
What position should a child experiencing a tet spell be put in?
knee chest
To avoid bleeding episodes associated with hemophilia, what method should you educate the family on?
RICE
A child who had infective endocarditis should receive antibiotics for how long?
2-8 weeks
Don't forget about dental and surgical procedures! Should take prophylactic abx
Defects that increase pulmonary blood flow have a common diagnostic finding. What is it?
Murmurs
Blue or nah?
During a sickle cell crisis, the expected hgb will be _____, and the WBC count will be _____
What are the 4 conditions associated with TOF?
Pulmonary Stenosis, Right Ventricular Hypertrophy, Overriding aorta, and VSD
What nursing intervention is priority for a child experiencing a vast-occlusive crisis?
IV fluid administration
Why?
These medications reduces after load by causing vasodilation. The result is >pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance
ACE inhibitors
Name some!