Heart Basics
Deoxygenated blood from the abdomen, pelvis, and lower limbs enters the right atrium through this large vessel.
Inferior Vena Cava
These muscles between the ribs are the deepest of the three layers.
Innermost intercostal muscles
Don't be fooled, this layer wraps around the pericardial cavity and the heart!
Serous pericardium
Blood vessels that supply the heart with blood are called _____ veins and _____ arteries.
Cardiac veins and coronary arteries
Blood flow in the opposite direction due to an obstruction is called ______.
Retrograde flow
This chamber of the heart sits most posteriorly, facing the vertebral bodies.
Left Atrium
These two vessels flow in two different directions forming an anastomosis within the thoracic wall.
Anterior and Posterior Intercostal Arteries
Don't be fooled again, this layer is part of the serous pericardium AND the heart.
During diastole, these are revealed allowing coronary vessels to supply blood to the relaxed heart.
Ostia (of the right and left coronary arteries)
An abnormally narrowed aorta is referred to as_____.
Coarctation of the Aorta
Blood passes through this feature of the heart from the left atrium to left ventricle.
Mitral Valve
This layer of the thoracic wall is the most deep.
Parietal pleura
The endocardium lines the inside of the heart (chambers and vessels) with this type of tissue.
(Hint: This lines all the vessels)
Simple squamous epithelium
The _______ artery supplies blood to the right atrium, right ventricle, and sinoatrial node.
Right Coronary
Cardiac tamponade occurs when the heart is compressed due to accumulation of fluid. This can be diagnosed through Beck's Triad of symptoms including low blood pressure, muffled heart sounds, and _____.
This part of the heart connects valve leaflets to papillary muscle, preventing prolapse of the valve.
Chordae Tendinae
The _____ is considered the superior border of the thorax.
Thoracic inlet.
This space physically separates the great veins and arteries.
Transverse pericardial sinus
These two arteries potentially supply the Posterior Descending Artery, leading to heart dominance.
Right Coronary and Left Circumflex
The most common site of coronary artery blockage is the ________.
Left anterior descending artery
These two heart valves close during systole.
Mitral and Tricuspid valves
The endothoracic fascia is made up of this kind of tissue.
These vessels provide blood supply to the pericardium.
Pericardiophrenic artery and vein
This vessel starred in the image branches off into the left circumflex artery and left anterior descending artery.
Left main coronary artery
Failure to close this structure in the heart after birth leads to the mixing of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood.
Foramen Ovale