Solids & Heat
How are particles arranged in a solid?
Tightly packed.
What happens to particle movement when heat is added?
They move faster
Are liquid particles closer together or more spread out than in solids?
More spread out.
What is the change from solid → liquid called?
Melting
Why does ice melt when left out in a warm room?
Heat makes particles move faster and spread apart.
What does heat cause solid particles to do?
Makes them vibrate faster.
When particles move faster, do they get closer or farther apart?
They spread farther apart.
What does heat do to particles in a liquid?
Makes them move faster and spread out more.
What is the change from liquid → gas called?
Boiling
Why do streets or sidewalks expand in hot summer weather?
Heat makes solid materials expand.
What happens if you add enough heat to a solid?
It melts into a liquid.
Heat affects particles by changing their ____ and _____.
Movement and spacing.
What happens when enough heat is added to a liquid?
It boils and turns into a gas.
Why does ice melt when heated?
Heat makes particle movement faster, breaking the solid structure.
Why does water boil on a stove when heated?
Heat speeds up particles until the liquid becomes gas.
What is it called when a solid gets slightly larger after heating?
Expansion.
Why does adding heat give particles more motion?
Because heat gives particles energy to move faster.
What causes liquids to expand when heated?
Particles spread apart as they gain energy.
What causes a liquid to change into a gas?
Heat energy speeds up particles enough for them to separate.
Why does a balloon get bigger if left in a hot car?
Heat increases particle movement and spacing inside. (Connected to expansion.)
Why does the metal lid on a jar loosen when warm water is poured on it?
The metal expands when heated.
What is the main relationship between heat and particles?
More heat = faster movement and more spacing between particles.
Why do heated liquids take up more space?
Because particles move faster and push away from each other.
How does heat change the state of matter?
By changing particle movement and spacing.
Why does running warm water over a jar lid help open it?
Heat causes the solid lid to expand, loosening it.