Heat vs Temperature
What do we use to measure temperature?
A Thermometer
In solids, particles mainly do this.
Vibrate in fixed positions
This state change turns a solid into a liquid.
Melting
Removing heat usually causes matter to do this.
Cool down or freeze
Ice becoming a liquid on a hot, summer sidewalk is an example of this state change.
Melting
This is the transfer of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object.
Heat
Particles move the fastest in this state of matter.
Gas
This state change occurs when a liquid becomes a gas.
Evaporating
This happens to particle spacing when matter is heated.
They spread out
Helium's melting and boiling point are extremely low. This is because the particles have a _________ attraction to each other.
Weak
This describes how hot or cold a substance is.
Temperature
Adding heat generally causes particles to move like this.
Move faster
This state change happens when a gas becomes a liquid.
Condensing
This happens to particle motion when matter is cooled.
They decrease/slow down/get closer together
When dry ice sublimes, the thermal energy of the substance ______________.
Increases
This type of energy depends on both temperature and the number of particles.
Thermal Energy
Gallium, a metal that can melt in your hand, has a very high boiling point (2204°C). This is because the particles have a ______________ attraction to one another.
strong
This state change occurs when a gas directly becomes a solid.
Depositing
Melting point and Boiling point are two good measures to help determine what?
The strength of attraction between particles
If two substances were to make contact with an equal amount of energy, what would happen to the TEMPERATURE of the two objects?
It would remain the same
Increasing this usually increases the average kinetic energy of particles.
Temperature
Kinetic Energy is the motion of particles. Which of the following has the LOWEST kinetic energy.
a) A room-temperature cup of water
b) Water Vapor
c) A cold cup of liquid water
d) An ice cube
This state change occurs when a solid directly becomes a gas.
Subliming
Which of these objects has the HIGHEST thermal energy?
a) A teaspoon of water
b) A large iceberg
c) A boiling cup of water
d) A frozen ice cube
b) A large iceberg
The theoretical lowest temperature possible is known as what. (We have/probably will never reach this temperature)
Absolute Zero