Energy
What is heat?
Transfer of thermal energy from hot to cold
Order Earth's layers from inside to outside
Inner core, outer core, mantle, crust
What is conduction?
Transfer of heat through direct contact
What is convection?
Circulation of fluid materials due to differences in density
What is radiation?
Heat traveling through space in waves or particles
What is kinetic energy?
Energy in motion
Name what state of matter (solid, liquid, or gas) each of Earth's layers are
Inner core, mantle, and crust are solid
Outer core is liquid
Name an example of conduction.
Ex: heat from hot coffee mug to hands, hot pan handle to hands
Name an example of convection.
Ex: boiling water, mantle flow, hot air balloon, lava lamp
Name an example of radiation.
Sun's heat traveling through space to Earth.
What is potential energy?
Energy stored in the system
In which layer(s) do we have convection?
Outer core, mantle
Describe how heat flows in conduction.
Heat flows from the hotter object to the cooler object through direct contact
Describe how convection works.
Materials become less dense as they heat up, making them rise. Materials become denser as they cool down, making them sink. When they sink, they get closer to the heat source and heat up, so they rise. When they rise, they're far from the heat source and cool down. This causes circular movement.
What type of fault involves two rocks sliding apart?
Normal
What is temperature?
Measure of average kinetic energy of particles in a material
In which layer(s) do we have conduction?
Inner core, crust
What is density?
Mass per unit volume of a substance
Why do we have convection in certain Earth's layers?
They are fluid materials
What type of fault involves two rocks coming together?
Reverse
What is thermal energy?
Kinetic energy of atoms in a substance
Explain how heat from the inner core reaches the surface.
Heat is conducted from the inner core to outer core. Convection in the outer core brings heat to the mantle. Convection in the mantle brings heat to the crust. Conduction transfer heat from the crust into the air.
Describe the movement of fluids of different density relative to each other.
Denser fluids sink while less dense fluids rise.
Where should we place an air conditioner in a room for efficient cooling? Why?
On the ceiling because cool air from the air conditioner will sink, and the hot air will rise and get cooled down, causing it to sink and helping cool air circulate
What type of plate boundary involves plates sliding back and forth against each other?
Transform