Conduction
What is conduction?
The transfer of heat through a solid material from particle to particle.
What is convection?
The transfer of heat by the movement of fluids (liquids or gases).
What is radiation?
The transfer of heat energy through electromagnetic waves, without needing particles.
Name one everyday example of conduction.
A metal spoon getting hot when left in a pot of boiling soup.
Why does warm air rise?
It becomes less dense
What object gives off heat by radiation that we feel every day?
The Sun
Why are metals good conductors of heat?
They have free-moving electrons that quickly transfer energy.
Name and explain an example of convection.
boiling water – hot water rises, cool water sinks.
Which color absorbs the most radiant heat?
Black
Why does a metal handle on a pan get hot even if it's not directly in the flame?
Heat is conducted through the metal of the pan from the hot base to the handle.
The particles in the metal vibrate and transfer energy along the handle, even though it isn’t touching the flame directly.
Describe how convection currents help heat a room when a radiator is placed near the floor.
The radiator heats the air around it, making the air less dense, so it rises.
As it rises, cooler, denser air sinks to take its place near the radiator, where it gets heated.
This cycle repeats, creating a convection current that spreads heat throughout the room.
Why do shiny surfaces reduce heat radiation?
They reflect most of the radiant heat instead of absorbing it.