Energy Transfer
Feeling the warmth of the Sun on your face.
Radiation
What is a convection current?
A fluid expands, becomes less dense, and rises or becomes more dense and sinks creating a circular motion.
A thermometer works because liquids ________ when heated.
expand
What is the average kinetic energy of the particles that make up a material?
Temperature
When a solid changes directly to a gas without becoming a liquid.
sublimation
Touching a hot fire poker.
Conduction
What is radiation?
When heat is transferred from objects like rays of light.
Water freezes at ________ degrees Celcsus and boils at ________ degrees Celsius.
0 and 100
Heat is transferred from and object with ________ temperature to an object with _________ temperature.
warmer to cooler
As a liquid is heated the particles
spread farther apart and speed up
What is Conduction?
When heat transfers between objects that are touching.
Which of these materials is the best insulator. a. Glass b. Air c. Metal
Air
The energy transferred between materials due to a difference in temperature is called ____________.
Heat
The process by which a solid becomes a liquid
melting
When an object is cooled, it's molecules slow down and move closer together, causing the object to _________.
shrink or contract
What is an insulator?
A material through which thermal energy does not flow easily.
Heat will stop when equilibrium is reached?
True or False
True
What is the total amount of energy an object has from the movement of particles?
Thermal Energy
The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water by 1 degree celsius.
specific heat
Convection currents in a liquid are created when warmer water near the bottom _________ and becomes _______ causing it to rise; and colder water near the surface _________ and becomes denser causing it to _____________.
expands, less dense, contracts, sink
In conduction, heat moves from areas that are ____________ to areas that are ___________. a. hotter, colder b. colder, hotter
Hotter, Cooler
In the Kelvin temperature scale, 0K is the lowest temperature that an object can have. This is known as _____________.
Absolute 0
Heat transfer that happens through gases or liquids when something warms and cools.
Convection
The movement of thermal energy from a warmer object to a cooler object is called ___________. It is measured in _______________.
Heat: calories or Joules