H. pylori Basics
Disease Associations
Transmission & Epidemiology
Diagnosis and Testing
Treatment & Resistance
100

What is Helicobacter pylori commonly associated with in terms of stomach conditions?

Peptic ulcer disease and chronic gastritis.

100

Besides peptic ulcers, name another serious condition H. pylori infection can lead to.

Gastric cancer.

100

True or False? H. pylori is primarily transmitted through contaminated food and water.

False. It’s believed to be transmitted mainly from person to person, especially within families.

100

What type of non-invasive test is commonly used to detect H. pylori?

Urea breath test.

100

What is the primary goal of H. pylori eradication therapy?

To cure peptic ulcers and reduce risks of gastric cancer.

200

Approximately what percentage of the world’s population is infected with H. pylori?

Around 50%.

200

What percentage of infected individuals may develop peptic ulcer disease in their lifetime?

15% to 20%.

200

What factor is most strongly associated with higher H. pylori infection rates in childhood?

Lower socioeconomic status.

200

Which invasive method is used to confirm H. pylori infection during endoscopy?

Biopsy with urease testing or histology.

200

What three-drug combination is commonly used for H. pylori treatment?

A proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin (PPI-AC).

300

True or False? Most H. pylori infections are acquired during adulthood.

False. Most infections occur in early childhood.

300

Which type of lymphoma is associated with H. pylori infection?

Gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.

300

Name two routes suspected in H. pylori transmission.

Gastro-oral and oral-oral routes.

300

True or False? Serology is a reliable method to confirm eradication after treatment.

False. Serology is not useful for confirming eradication.

300

Why might clarithromycin-based therapies be ineffective in some areas?

Due to high primary resistance rates to clarithromycin.

400

What type of bacterium is H. pylori (shape and oxygen requirement)?

It is a spiral-shaped, microaerophilic bacterium.

400

Name one risk factor that increases the likelihood of H. pylori progressing to gastric cancer.

High salt intake, smoking, or a diet low in antioxidants.

400

In which global region is the prevalence of H. pylori-related gastric cancer highest?

East Asia, including Japan, Korea, and eastern China.

400

What new test type is promising for providing rapid detection of H. pylori and resistance?

PCR-based tests for detecting antibiotic resistance.

400

In regions with high clarithromycin resistance, which quadruple therapy is often recommended?

Bismuth-based quadruple therapy.

500

Which organization has developed a guideline for managing H. pylori globally?

The World Gastroenterology Organization.

500

What recent classification has recognized H. pylori-associated dyspepsia as a separate entity?

ICD-11 classification.

500

 Name one reason why H. pylori infection rates are declining in developed countries.

Improvements in hygiene and socioeconomic conditions.

500

What should be avoided for at least 1-2 weeks before performing a non-invasive test post-treatment?

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs).

500

True or False? Repeat use of the same antibiotic therapy after failure is recommended.

False. Repeating the same therapy is likely to fail due to resistance.