Anemias/Blood
2 Symtoms associated with iron deficiency anemia
Fatigue, Irritable, pallor, SOB, dizziness, syncope, brittle finger nails
What test is used to determine if a patient has pernicious anemia
Schilling Test
What vaccine would you recommend for a 17 year old althlete that will be living in a dorm the following year
Meningococcal conjugate vaccine
What is you first priority if you believe your patient is having a transfusion reaction
Stop the infusion
What is the test used to confirm an HIV diagnose after a positive antibody test (ELISA test)
Western-blot assay
A patient is diagnosed with pernicious anemia caused by a lack of ________. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
Intrinsic factor, Vit B12 injections
This disease is passed down from generation to generation and effects how the body produces RBC's. The RBC's are rigid(inflexible), crescent shaped, and die in 10-20 days after devolopment. Due to the short life span the bone marrow cannot make enough RBC's to replace the dead ones.
Sickle Cell Anemia
Give me an example of (natural) passive immunity
Mother to baby through the placenta or breast milk
How long do you have to initiate the PRBC transfusion one it reaches bedside
30 minutes
What is considered a low CD4 count?
Anything less than 200
What is the term for an elevated number of RBCs
Polycythemia vera
How long do RBC's live for? How long do packed RBCs live for
120, 60
What is the contraindication associated with varicella and MMR
Allergy to gelatin or neomycin
What data is most important before starting a blood transfusion
Temperature
Name 2 symptoms some with AIDS may experience
Night sweats, HA, weakness, fatigue, weight loss, rash, N/V, chills, sore throat
This continual process of cell production that maintains and regulates the cellular population of three(3) separate cell lines ; erthyrocytes, leukocytes and platelets is called what
Hematopoiesis
This bleeding disorder s considered a genetic deficiency in a specific clotting factor that results in slow or no clotting of the blood. It results in excessive bleeding from minor abrasions and cuts. It can also cause painful swollen joints.
Hemophilia
What type of immunity is it when your body makes antibodies after being exposed to antigens
Active immunity
Name one symptom of a hemolytic blood transfusion reaction
Low back pain, fever, chills, low back pain, tachycardia, flushing, hypotension, chest tightening or pain, tachypnea, nausea
What is the window of treatment for postexposure prophylaxis (PEP)
72 hours
What is a common cause of pancytopenia
Aplastic anemia
This laboratory finding distinguishes iron deficiency anemia from anemia of chronic disease by reflecting depleted iron stores rather than impaired iron utilization.
A low serum ferritin level
Explain to me why we receive vaccines and what the overall goal is
We receive vaccines to assist in our bodies ability to create antibodies to certain antigens, which will allow our bodies to fight off future exposures/illness associated with that antigen
This transfusion complication occurs when the circulatory system becomes overloaded with fluid, often causing shortness of breath, pulmonary edema, hypertension, and elevated jugular venous pressure, particularly in older adults or patients with heart or kidney disease.
Transfusion-Associated Circulatory Overload (TACO)
What do most HIV/AIDS patient's die from
A secondary opportunistic infection