Hematology review
ERYTHROCYTES
What is the other name for erythrocytosis
Polycythemia Vera
3 types of anemia
microcytic
normocytic
macrocytic
What causes sickle cell anemia
half-moon shaped rbc’s that obstruct blood flow causing severe ischemic pain.
Causes of IDA
blood loss/hemorrhage
malabsorption
How long do you have to finish transfusion
4 hours
What is thrombocytosis
too many platelets
Life span of platelets
9 days
Common causes of PV
Lung disease, high altitude, smoking
Causes of macrocytic anemia
folate or Vitamin b-12 deficiency
S&S
palpitations, pain, fatigue, pallor, tachycardia, jaundice
Manifestations (3)
Pallor
Glossitis
Cheilitis
What IVF is used to prime IV line
0.9% NS
Nursing actions in thrombocytosis
monitor for thromboembolism
administer fluids as rx’d
administer AC as rx’d
Name one type of Granular leukocyte
neutrophil
eosinophil
basophil
3 manifestations
pruritis-numbness/tingling-SOB when laying down
Treatment for IDA
iron
vitamin D
What type of genetic disorder is it
Autosomal recessive
Iron supplement monitoring (5)
Tarry stool
Nausea
Epigastric pain
Constipation
Heartburn
name the types of transfusion reactions
febrile
allergic
hemolytic
Thrombocytopenia is defines as?
platelet count below 150,000
What is ANC used for
to determine if the patient is neutropenic
What does PV increases risk for
impaired gas exchange
thromboembolism
2 chronic diseases associated with normoytic anemia
renal insufficiency
R.A.
Pain is most common where? (5)
abdomen, thorax, joints, long bones, digits
Causes of intrinsic factor loss in P.A.
gastric surgery
gastritis
heavy alcohol consumption
autoimmune destruction
IV access should be?
18-22 G
Causes of thrombocytopenia
decreased production
increased platelet destruction
impaired distribution
Calculate the ANC for the following
WBC: 5,000
% NEUTS: 60%
anc= 5000*(60/100)=3,000
4 actions in POC
oxygen
ac
monitor for thromboembolism
IV fluids
3 causes of megaloblastic anemias
liver disease
alcoholism
hypothyroid
Name 5 common triggers
infection, cold temperature, stress, fatigue, dehydrations
Neurological manifestations of P.A.
Peripheral neuropathy, parasthesia weakness altered LOC psychosis
Nursing actions in hemolytic reaction
Stop transfusion -notify provider
change IV tubing
treat symptoms if present (O2)
Bleeding precautions
RANDI