Disease Definitions
Condition where blood pools inside the vein, weakening the walls and creating distention of the vein
Varicose Veins
fatigue, weakness, dyspnea, pallor, dizziness, lethargy, tachypnea, tachycardia
Anemia (Classic Signs)
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
blood tests, pathology for reed-sternberg cells, CT scans
causes: lack of dietary intake or chronic blood loss
risks: females with heavy menses, GI cancers, ulcers
s/s: brittle, concave nails, dry mouth, taste bud atrophy
Iron Deficiency Anemia
valve located between the left atria and left ventricle
Mitral/Bicuspid Valve
self limiting virus, non-cancerous, commonly caused by Epstein Barr Virus, transmitted through the saliva
Mononucleosis
crushing chest pain, left arm pain (may radiate to jaw), nausea, vomiting, back pain, could be asymptomatic in elderly, could be more mild in females
Myocardial Infarction
Multiple Myeloma
Bone marrow biopsy, M Protein presence, Bence Jones Protein presence
causes: vitamin B12 deficiency from lack of dietary intake or intrinsic factor
risks: gastric bypass, stomach ulcers, NSAID use, alcoholism
s/s: GI upset, beefy red tongue, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly
Pernicious Anemia
not enough platelets
Thrombocytopenia
failure of cardiac valve to open completely, preventing emptying of chamber and causing hypertrophy
Valvular Stenosis
pallor, cold temperature, tingling/paresthesia, weak/absent pulses, cyanosis, intermittent claudication (ALL DISTAL TO THE SIGHT)
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD)
Heart Failure
elevated ANP and BNP
causes: iron gets stuck in mitochondria of cells and forms a circle around the cell (cell is unable to be used)
risks: drugs and alcohol
s/s: hemochromatosis, hepatomegaly, bronze skin, splenomegaly
Sideroblastic Anemia
amount of blood remaining in the ventricle after diastole (but before contraction)
Preload
Rheumatic Heart Disease
unilateral pain, redness, swelling, and warmth
Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT)
Myocardial Infarction
12 lead EKG, elevated troponin levels
causes: something attack and killing the red blood cells
risks: autoimmune diseases, systemic diseases, genetics
s/s: jaundice along with classic anemia signs
Hemolytic Anemia
malignant tumors of lymph nodes and lymph tissues
Lymphoma
increased platelet aggregation disorder which leads to occlusion of arterioles and capillaries; leads to depletion of circulating platelets
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (TTP)
bleeding in the nose, eyes, and gums, stroke, MI, emboli, organ failure, prolonged clotting time
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
Acute Leukemia
blood tests, bone marrow biopsy, decreased levels of WBCs
causes: lack of dietary intake
risks: alcohol, small intestine removal, IBS, malnutrition
s/s: inflammation, scales, fissures in mouth, dysphagia, diarrhea, flatulence
Folate Deficiency Anemia
substance secreted by kidneys that signal the bone marrow to produce erythrocytes
Erythropoietin