Red Blood Cells & Anemia
What is the primary function of red blood cells in the body?
Oxygen Transport
What inherited disorder causes red blood cells to become misshapen?
Sickle Cell Anemia
What tissue inside bones produces blood cells?
Bone Marrow
What is the first step of hemostasis after a blood vessel injury?
Vasoconstriction
What type of immunity provides immediate, nonspecific defense present at birth?
Innate Immunity
What common symptom occurs when tissues receive less oxygen due to anemia?
Fatigue
What condition is characterized by a low platelet count?
Thrombocytopenia
What diagnostic procedure is used to assess bone marrow function?
Bone Marrow Biopsy
What small pinpoint red-purple skin lesions indicate capillary bleeding?
What type of immunity develops after exposure and provides long-term protection?
Acquired (Adaptive) Immunity
What hormone released by the kidneys stimulates bone marrow to produce red blood cells?
Erythropoietin
What disorder causes both excessive clotting and excessive bleeding?
Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC)
What is the primary purpose of a red blood cell transfusion? (think O2)
Improve oxygen delivery to tissues.
What term describes a large blood collection under the skin that changes color as it heals?
Ecchymosis
What is the role of swollen lymph nodes near an infection site?
Filter pathogens, activate immune cells
What type of anemia results from decreased bone marrow production of blood cells?
Aplastic Anemia
What bleeding disorder results from a deficiency of clotting factor VIII?
Hemophilia A
What is the nurse’s first action when a transfusion reaction is suspected?
Stop the transfusion.
What is the second reaction?
What liver function is essential for normal blood clotting?
Production of clotting factors.
What is the hallmark sign of an IgE-mediated allergic reaction?
What anemia is caused by lack of intrinsic factor and treated with vitamin B12?
Pernicious Anemia
What immune-mediated disorder causes platelet destruction and purpura?
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP)
What laboratory value is most important for assessing bleeding risk? (hint: if this is low you are more likely to bleed)
Platelet count
What stool test detects hidden gastrointestinal bleeding?
Guaiac test
What common opportunistic oral infection occurs in children with AIDS?
Candidiasis (thrust)