Anemia
Children with slow-developing anemia usually present with this main symptom.
What is fatigue?
Sickle cell anemia is inherited in this manner.
What is autosomal recessive?
This X-linked disorder is a deficiency of clotting factor VIII.
What is Hemophilia A?
Most common childhood cancer, characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of immature WBCs.
What is acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)?
Most common kidney tumor in children under 5, often boys.
What is Wilms Tumor?
A blood test showing low RBC, low Hgb, and low Hct.
What is a complete blood count (CBC)?
The lifespan of sickled RBCs compared to normal RBCs is this short.
What is ~16 days (normal RBCs live 120 days)?
The term for bleeding into joint spaces, commonly seen in hemophilia.
What is hemarthrosis?
Lab test that examines CSF for malignancy to prevent CNS metastasis in leukemia.
What is a lumbar puncture?
Posterior third of the brain is a common site for these childhood tumors.
What are CNS tumors (brain tumors)?
Iron deficiency anemia causes RBCs to be small and pale. These are the terms for size and color changes.
What are microcytic and hypochromic?
The type of crisis most common in sickle cell patients, causing pain due to microcirculation clumping.
What is vaso-occlusive crisis?
This synthetic medication increases factor VIII activity in mild hemophilia A.
What is DDAVP (Desmopressin)?
The lowest point of blood cell counts after chemotherapy.
What is nadir?
This malignant soft tissue tumor arises from striated muscle cells.
What is rhabdomyosarcoma?
A toddler drinking too much cow's milk without adequate iron intake may develop this nutritional anemia.
What is iron deficiency anemia?
Hydroxyurea increases production of this type of hemoglobin to reduce sickling.
What is fetal hemoglobin (Hgb F)?
This bleeding disorder affects both boys and girls and involves a deficiency of factor VIII and protein.
What is von Willebrand Disease?
This type of leukemia is treated with chemo alone first, with HSCT considered after relapse.
What is acute myelogenous leukemia (AML)?
Most frequent malignant bone tumor in children, often in metaphysis of long bones.
What is osteosarcoma?
A child with anemia develops tachycardia, a murmur, and signs of worsening fatigue. These findings occur because the body is trying to compensate for decreased oxygen delivery by increasing this.
What is cardiac output/circulation?
Life-threatening crisis in sickle cell where blood pools in the spleen.
What is splenic sequestration crisis?
A treatment method for chronic, unresponsive hemophilia that involves a surgical procedure to remove the spleen.
What is splenectomy?
Post-HSCT, this syndrome occurs when donor T-cells attack the host.
What is graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)?
Malignant tumor arising in marrow, often treated first with radiation, seen in adolescents.
What is Ewing sarcoma?