Anemia
I have a low haptoglobin, high reticulocyte, LDH and bilirubin. What am I?
Hemolytic anemia
What do you give to treat bleeding on Warfarin?
Vitamin K
I was recently diagnosed with ITP? What should you give me?
Prednisone
What is CHARACTERISTIC of Hodgkin's lymphoma? Where do you mainly see symptoms?
Owl-appearance and Reed sternberg cells
Upper LN of neck, axilla, arms
What leukemia has smudge cells on peripheral smear?
CLL
What is the main difference between diagnosis of thalassemia and iron deficiency anemia?
What study(ies) is/are prolonged in hemophilia A and B? Why?
aPTT, due to lack of factor 8 and 9 respectively
I was just given a transfusion that was the wrong major blood group. What is my FIRST symptom?
Back pain
What leukemia is associated with DIC? How do you treat it?
AML, trans-retinoic acid
What causes CML? What is one important symptom?
Philadelphia chromosome of 9 and 22, bcr-abl gene. Causes activation of tyrosine kinase
SplenomegalyI am a macrocytic anemia with decreased vibratory sense, spinal cord degeneration, and normal/low reticulocytes. Who am I?
Vitamin B12 Deficiency
or Pernicious...but what makes it pernicious?
What is increased in DIC?
D-dimer
Fibrin degradation products
PT/aPTT
Explain how ITP is different than TTP.
TTP is a hemolytic anemia, resulting in an elevated LDH as well as low platelets.
ITP is characterized by isolated thrombocytopenia with normal coagulation factors.
What are the 3 grades of Hodgkin's lymphoma? When might you see a starry sky and enlargement of the jaw and facial bones?
Low grade - Follicular
Intermediate grade - Large cell/Mantle
High grade - Burkitt's ****starry sky etc.
SVC syndrome can be caused by cancer. What cancer most commonly causes SVC syndrome? What are the symptoms and how do you treat it?
Small cell lung cancer
Swelling to arms and face
Balloon angioplasty of obstruction + stent
Your patient reports that every time they get cold, they seem to get whitening of their finger tips, followed by flushing sensation. They have always been pushed off as just Raynaud's disease, but they told you they have a family history of some "blood disorder". You run a full panel of labs and tests. What do you find?
Peripheral smear: rouleaux formation
Cold agglutinin titers positive
DAT positive for ONLY C3 or complement, negative for IgG
I have been experiencing lots of mucosal bleeding recently and my vWF is low according to my doctor. What would my other labs show? What can you give me to help?
Prolonged aPTT, Desmopressin/DDAVP
Describe what two mechanisms might cause heparin-induced thrombocytopenia.
Type I - heparin binds to platelets directly
Type II - heparin binds to factor 4, activating IgG, which activates platelets
Describe acute myeloid cell leukemia. What types of cells do you have? What is a characteristic lab finding?
Proliferation of myeloid precursors, blocking mature cells. Lots of blasts. You see Auer rods
What cancer marker(s) is/are elevated in testicular cancer? Does it share any markers with another type of cancer?
AFP and Beta-hCG
Shares AFP with liver
I am an african american male who recently took hydrochloraquine. 2-3 weeks later, I am now experiencing splenomegaly and dark urine. What do you see on my peripheral smear? Treatment?
Heinz bodies and schistocytes
Self limited
G6P Deficiency
I am 5 years old and I recently had a 2-3 day history of bloody diarrhea. I was having trouble urinating and seemed to be bleeding under my skin. It even felt like my spleen might be big. What is wrong with me? What caused it? How can you treat it?
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome
E.coli
Supportive care
I have been experiencing memory changes, renal issues, fatigue/pallor, fever, and increased bleeding recently. What do I have? What is my issue?
Thrombocytic thrombocytopenia purpura. Defect in ADAMTS13, causing large vWF
You have a patient that is 10 years old and has been experiencing vague bone and joint pain for the past 1 month. He states he has had some trouble walking and playing on the playground. He notes a time that he fell onto his knee and it wouldn't stop bleeding. What will you see on lab work? What is the definitive diagnosis?
High WBC and immature B and T cells
Bone marrow biopsy - hypercellularity
ALL
Explain multiple myeloma. What is the characteristic affects? What would you see on lab work?
Clonal proliferation of plasma B cells, usually IgG
Causes osteolytic lesions - BREAK
Bones, recurrent infections, elevated calcium, anemia, kidney
Bence jones, rouleaux