calculations
Hemodynamic catheters
Systolic and Dyastolic pressures
ECG strips
Misc.
100
PVR and normal values
(mPAP-PCWP)x80/C.O
Normal values: 200dynes/sec/cm-5
100
What are the 2 common uses of art. lines and insertion sites. (name 4 sites)
Measure systemic artery pressure and collect arterial blood gas sample.
Radial, Brachial, Femoral and dorsalis pedis artery
100
SV may be decreased by?
(name two)
Tachycardia, low cardiac output, dysrhythmias and hypovolemia
100
How to treat stable and unstable
Atrial Flutter
stable Adenosine and amiodarone in some cases
unstable Cardioversion
100
COPD causes a heart problem called?
What does this condition do to the CVP?
Cor pulmonale
increases CVP
200
OI, normal values and what do high values indicate?
FiO2xMAP/Pao2
Normal Values: 15 and below.
Respiratory Failure
200
What is pulse pressure?
What does a high or low pulse pressure indicate (give one example for each)
Pulse pressure: Systolic- diastolic pressure
>40 mmHg: Hypervolemia, Arteriosclerosis and bradycardia
<40mmHg: CHF, septic shock and tachycardia
200
3 phases of systolic
1) Isovolumetric contraction
2)Rapid ventricular ejection
3)reduce ventricular ejection
200
What to do for stable and unstable
Monomorphic V-tach
if stable Adenosine
If unstable cardio-version
200
Metabolic acidosis w/ increase gap anion is due to..
Metabolic acidosis w/ normal anion is due to..
(name one example for each)
Increase gap: Lactic acidosis, DKA and salicylate intoxication
Normal gap: Renal disease, severe diarrhea
300
SRV and normal values
(MAP-CVP)x80/ C.O
Normal Values: 1600 dyn/sec./cm-5
300
The amount of pressure needed to open the pulmonic valve and eject blood into the pulmonary circulation?
PA systolic
300
Coronary arteries receive majority of arterial blood supply during?
Diastole
300
What meds. would be used to treat this?
Torsades de pintes
Give: magnesium sulfate
300
Name the flow of blood through the heart, starting with the SVC and IVC.
RA->tricuspid valve->RV->Pulmonic valve->right and left pulmonary artery->lungs-> right left pulmonary veins->LA->mitral valve->RV->aortic valve
400
Ventilator rate needed for desired PaCO2
Current Rate X PaCO2/ Desired PaCO2
400
Direct measurement for CVP _____,
Indirect measurement _____ of the right ventricle
Right atrial pressure
Preload
400
Forced excepted on ventricle wall at end of diastole
preload
400
What to do for stable and unstable?
Second degree type II
Stable: atropine or consult for possible pacemaker
unstable: transcutaneous pacing
400
Through which pulmonary artery catheter port would you obtain a mixed venous blood sample?
What needs to be done before drawing blood?
Distal (catheter tip) port
Ensure the balloon is deflated
500
Rapid Shallow Breathing Index and normal value/s. What does a high value indicate?
RR/Vt
<105 per min.
higher value than 105 indicates pt. is not ready to be weaned off vent.
500
Pulmonary edema with a normal PCWP is usually caused by?
(name two)
Acute pulmonary hypertension
Increase capillary permeability (ARDS)
500
The initial phase of diastole
Isovolumetric relaxation
500
How to treat stable and unstable
Stable: monitor (possible athlete)
unstable: Atropine if ineffective transcutaneous pacing and or Dopamine or Epinephrine
500
Name two drugs that increase contractility
Dogoxin and Dobutamine