Vocabulary
What does the word "band" mean as used in paragraph 1?
A) a musical group
B) group
C) fix up
D) solve
B) group
What is the central idea the section "Background"?
A) Animals in herds panic when they encounter predators, causing them to scatter in different directions to avoid capture.
B) The term "herd behavior" originally describes how animals move together as a unit but also applies to humans in some situations.
C) Human herd behavior is more common at sports events than at religious gatherings or demonstrations.
D) Individual judgment becomes more important when people are part of a large group.
B) The term "herd behavior" originally describes how animals move together as a unit but also applies to humans in some situations.
What is the purpose of paragraph 1?
A) To explain why animals are smarter than humans at making decisions.
B) To introduce the concept of herd behavior.
C) To describe the different types of animals that live in herds.
D) To argue that large-scale demonstrations and riots are always dangerous.
B) To introduce the concept of herd behavior.
Which sentence best describes the main idea of the article?
A) "The term 'herd behavior' comes from the behavior of animals in herds, particularly when they are in a dangerous situation such as escaping a predator."
B) "When herd behavior sets in, an individual person's judgment and opinion-forming process shut down as he or she automatically follows the group's movement and behavior."
C) "Herd behavior in humans is frequently observed at times of danger and panic; for example, a fire in a building often causes herd behavior, with people often suspending their individual reasoning and fleeing together in a pack."
D) "Herding can be subtle in this way; it simply involves people's tendency to follow a crowd rather than carve out an individual path in many situations."
B) "When herd behavior sets in, an individual person's judgment and opinion-forming process shut down as he or she automatically follows the group's movement and behavior."
1) In the article, which of the following is NOT mentioned as an example of human herd behavior?
A) Stock market bubbles and crashes
B) Building evacuations during fires
C) Choosing a restaurant based on how crowded it is
D) Selecting clothes based on current fashion trends
D) Selecting clothes based on current fashion trends
What does the word "irrationality" mean as used in paragraph 2?
A) emotionally
B) angrily
C) togetherness
D) frightened
A) emotionally
What is the central idea the section "Examples of Herd Behavior"?
A) Stock market crashes are more dangerous than fires in buildings.
B) Emergencies and the stock market are two places where herd behavior is seen in people.
C) People should never evacuate buildings during fires.
D) Herd behavior only occurs in stock markets, not in other situations.
B) Emergencies and the stock market are two places where herd behavior is seen in people.
What is the purpose of paragraph 3?
A) To demonstrate how herd behavior plays out during fires.
B) To prove that all humans are irrational.
C) To explain why stock markets are more important than personal safety.
D) To show that fires and stock markets are exactly the same thing.
A) To demonstrate how herd behavior plays out during fires.
Which evidence best summarizes why we see herd behavior in humans?
A) "The term “herd behavior” comes from the behavior of animals in herd..." (P1)
B) "The term also applies to human behavior, and it usually describes large numbers of people acting the same way at the same time." (P2)
C) "Herd behavior in humans is frequently observed at times of danger and panic..." (P3)
D) "Another commonly cited example of human herd behavior is the phenomenon of stock market bubbles." (P4)
C) "Herd behavior in humans is frequently observed at times of danger and panic..." (P3)
2) According to the article, what psychological concept does a mob develop that can cause people to act violently?
A) Individual conscience
B) A "group mind"
C) Critical thinking skills
D) Personal responsibility
B) A "group mind"
What is the best meaning of "grievance" as it's used in paragraph 5?
A) an umpire
B) a sadness
C) a solution
D) a problem
D) a problem
What is the central idea the section "Behavior in Crowds"?
A) Football is more dangerous than other sports.
B) Adolf Hitler was a skilled public speaker who naturally attracted large crowds.
C) Herd behavior in crowds can lead to violent outcomes.
D) Psychologists invented the concept of a "group mind" in the 1980s.
C) Herd behavior in crowds can lead to violent outcomes.
What is the main purpose of paragraph 6?
A) To illustrate specific real-world examples of how sports fans in crowds can become violent.
B) To argue that all sports fans are violent.
C) To prove that European football is the most dangerous activity in the world.
D) To explain why people should never attend public gatherings.
A) To illustrate specific real-world examples of how sports fans in crowds can become violent.
Which evidence best describes how herd behavior is related to violence?
A) "A more obvious example of human herd behavior occurs in dense public crowds or mobs." (P5)
B) "Psychologists posit 2 that a “group mind” can overtake a mob and embolden people to act in ways they would not individually..." (P5)
C) "Overzealous fans of football teams often engaged in unruly or destructive behavior ..." (P6)
D) "Some historians believe that Adolf Hitler purposefully took advantage of herd behavior psychology..." (P7)
B) "Psychologists posit 2 that a “group mind” can overtake a mob and embolden people to act in ways they would not individually..." (P5)
3) The article mentions a historical example of someone using herd behavior. Which historical figure used undercover officers to fake crowd enthusiasm at speeches?
A) Napoleon Bonaparte
B) Adolf Hitler
C) Julius Caesar
D) Winston Churchill
B) Adolf Hitler
What is the best meaning of the word "embolden" as it's used in paragraph 5?
A) To make someone feel brave or confident enough to do something they might not otherwise do
B) To physically push someone forward in a crowd
C) To make someone angry or upset
D) To prevent someone from taking action
A) To make someone feel brave or confident enough to do something they might not otherwise do
What is the central idea the section "Everyday Decision-Making"?
A) Empty restaurants are always better than crowded ones.
B) Families should never eat dinner together at restaurants.
C) People always make rational decisions when choosing where to eat.
D) The size of a crowd can influence your decision of where to eat.
D) The size of a crowd can influence your decision of where to eat.
How does paragraph 8 support the main idea of the article?
A) To show that herd behavior can occur in low-stakes situations where people follow the crowd without thinking critically about their choices.
B) To prove that crowded restaurants always have better food.
C) To explain why restaurants should limit the number of customers they serve.
D) To argue that walking down streets is dangerous.
A) To show that herd behavior can occur in low-stakes situations where people follow the crowd without thinking critically about their choices.
Which evidence best describes how the author thinks herd behavior most likely affects you?
A) "...a fire in a building often causes herd behavior, with people often suspending their individual reasoning and fleeing together in a pack." (P3)
B) "Overzealous fans of football teams often engaged in unruly or destructive behavior..." (P6)
C) "These speeches would then be broadcast to a larger public audience, magnifying the effect." (P7)
D) "If they pass a restaurant that is empty and one that is relatively crowded with patrons, they are far more likely to choose the crowded one..." (P8)
D) "If they pass a restaurant that is empty and one that is relatively crowded with patrons, they are far more likely to choose the crowded one..." (P8)
4) Based on the article, what emotion typically drives stock market crashes, according to the section on herd behavior in finance?
A) Greed
B) Excitement
C) Fear
D) Confusion
C) Fear