THE DNA
What does DNA stand for?
Deoxyribonucleic Acid
the study of heredity
Genetics
uses transcription and translation to make proteins in our body
Protein Synthesis
External, environmental influences on development
NURTURE
segment of DNA that codes for a specific trait
GENE
Twisted ladder shape
double helix
The passing on of genes from one generation to another
Heredity
place where protein synthesis happens
RIBOSOMES
(in cytoplasm and RER)
INTERNAL, GENETIC impacts on growth
NATURE
strand of DNA proteins found in the nucleus; an "X" formation
Chromosome
These build DNA in base pairs with amino acids.
Nucleotides
Father of Genetics, was a gardener at a monastery
Gregor Mendel
DNA transcribes (splits apart) into ____
mRNA
Traits Passed down from parents; BORN with these; hair color, height, earlobes
Inherited Traits
Genes are codes that are read ____ at a time
3
Tell the Base pairs that bond together in DNA- what w/what?
Adenine pairs with Thymine
Cytosine pairs with Guanine
Plant that was fast growing and Mendel studied
Pea plants
a ONE-stranded base of DNA; contains sugar RIBOSE instead of deoxyribose
RNA
Traits you learn during your lifetime; environment can impact; hobbies, scars
Acquired Traits
the SEQUENCE of of 3 base pairs in the DNA/RNA that determines the amino acid sequence of proteins
Genetic Code
The backbone is made of this
Sugar-phosphate
the correct ORDER of DNA from biggest to smallest using these words:
gene DNA Chromosome Nucleus of cell
nucleus of cell-->chromosome-->DNA-->gene
a structural change in the GENES
Mutation
How many chromosomes do humans usually have