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Definitions
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Heredity Basics
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100

A pair of chromosomes, one maternal, one paternal, that carry the same genetic information.

What is homologous chromosomes? 

100

This type of allele will mask a recessive allele. 

What is dominant allele? 

100

This is how many haploid daughter cells are produced from meiosis. 

What is 4? 

100

An allele that will disappear in the presence of a dominant allele.

What is recessive allele? 

100

Regarding biological molecules, this is polymer of each of the following monomers. 

Monosaccharides - 

Nucleotides - 

Amino Acids - 

What is Polysaccharides, Nucleic Acids, & Proteins? 

200

When a haploid sperm cell and haploid egg fuse to form a diploid zygote. 

What is fertilization? 

200

The number of homologous chromosomes in the human body. 

What is 23? 

200

During meiosis one diploid somatic cell produces 4 reproductive, haploid cells called this. 

What are gametes? 

200

In reindeer, spotted fur is dominant and spotless fur is recessive. This is the hybrid genotype for spotted fur. Pick any letter you'd like.

What is Tt? 

200
A student looks at two eukaryotic cells under a microscope. Both eukaryotic cells have endoplasmic reticulum and mitochondria, but only cell A had a cell wall and chloroplasts. Cell A must have been a(n) ____________ eukaryotic cell, whereas cell B must have been a(n) ____________ eukaryotic cell. 
What is plant; animal? 
300

Identical copies of chromosomes that are held together after replication. 

What is sister chromatid? 

300

A genotype that has two of the same alleles for a trait.

What is homozygous? 

300

During which phase of Meiosis does crossover (homologous recombination) occur? 

What is Prophase I? 

300

This is the what chromosomes are made up of and their structure. 

What is double helix structure DNA twisted around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes bundled together? 

300

In cellular respiration, glucose is oxidized inside eukaryotic cells to produce units of energy for the body called ATP. This is the net yield of ATP across all phases of cellular respiration.

What is 30 to 32?

400

Overlapping of homologous chromosomes in which they randomly swap genetic information with each other producing unique DNA. 

What is crossover/homologous recombination? 

400
This is the name of the scientists that experimented with pea plants & build the foundation of the modern understanding of genetics and heredity. 

Who is Gregor Mendel? 

400
This is the phase of meiosis when tetrads are pulled apart from the metaphase plate. 

What is Anaphase I? 

400

The genotype (gg) is this type. 

What is homozygous recessive? 

400

In photosynthesis, these are groups of proteins and pigments that capture light energy to excite electrons for use in the light-dependent reactions

What is Photosystems (Photosystem I & II)? 

500

The genetic makeup of an organism is its ___________, whereas the organisms actual appearance based on its genetic makeup is its ______________. 

What is genotype & phenotype? 

500

This is the specific location of a gene on a DNA molecule. 

What is locus? 

500

This is the phase of meiosis when chromosomes with sister chromatids align in the middle of two different haploid daughter cells. 

What is Metaphase II? 

500
P = purple flowers, p = white flowers. A pure purple flower is crossed with a pure white flower. This is the percentage of offspring that will be white flowers. 

What is 0%? 

500

This is the correct order of the phases of the cell cycle?

What is G1 → S → G2 → Prophase → Metaphase → Anaphase → Telophase → Cytokinesis?