Vocabulary
The term representative of two versions of a gene (could be dominant or recessive) is _______ ?
Allele
The man who is credited with the discovery of “factors,” which we now know as genes, features, traits, etc.
Gregor Mendel
What is a common diagram that can be used to model relationships between humans that are connected through many generations
A family tree
On a Punnet Square a dominant trait is represented by what?
A capital letter
The four bases of DNA are _________ .
Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), and Guanine (G).
The specific way a feature is expressed in an individual organism is called a ____________ ?
Ex. Eye color, hair color, leg length
Trait
Responsible for creating the mathematical model titled the Punnett Square (first and last name) =]
Reginald Punnett
What is the typical model used to represent relationships between organisms that displays common ancestors based on characteristics between the species observed
A cladogram
Within the current population of flowers, the purple allele is dominant over the white allele and there are equal numbers of each flower type.
In future generations, the population would likely have more of what type of flower?
Purple
The number of different proteins is one gene able to code for
only one
This describes a gene with two of the same alleles. These could both be dominant or recessive.
Homozygous
The two individuals that modeled DNA as a double helix that looks like a twisted ladder
Watson and Crick
The dark bars on a cladogram are representative of ______.
Common characteristics between organisms
In a phenotypic ratio of 1:2:1 spotted:solid:crisscross, what would be the % of each trait displayed.
25% spotted
50% solid
25% crisscross
The DNA in every cell is the same, but there are ________ total chromosomes in the human
46 (23 sets)
The term used to describe a trait that is expressed when at least one dominant allele is present.
Dominant
Studied pea plants in a monastery where he looked specifically at 7 different traits. (Flower color, seed color, plant height, ..... )
Gregor Mendel
The intersections on a cladogram are representative of _____________ .
Common ancestors (which could include the most recent common ancestor).
The phenotypic ratio for brown:blue eyes is 3:1, where brown eyes is dominant over blue eyes. Explain if 3:1 would always be the genotypic ratio as BB,BB,BB,bb.
No, the genotypic ratio could be 1:2:1. Ex. BB,Bb,Bb, and bb
Billy looks more like his father Mike than his mother. Explain if Billy acquired more alleles from his father OR an alternative explanation.
An organism from the past that is the CLOSEST related to two described organisms or all the organisms within a group.
Most recent common ancestor
Credited with the identifying that chromosomes are what contain the genetic material (DNA).
Walter Sutton
The primary purpose of this model is to display the probability of possible genotypes and phenotypes resulting from a genetic cross.
Punnett Square
An organism that is ____________ for a trait such as flower color may show a phenotype of orange while other traits are homozygous red or homozygous yellow.
An intermediate would be termed as heterozygous.
Identify at least one reason for the importance of studying embryonic development when comparing organisms with one another.
You can identify features in organims that may be present at birth and not evident in the adult organisms.