Genetics Vocab
What is another word for heterozygous
Hybrid
This is the study of how traits are passsed from parent to offspring
Genetics
The "father" of genetics
Gregor Mendel
The number of daughter cells resulting from meiosis
4
Factors that control traits are called
Genes
This is an organism's physical appearance
Phenotype
In mendelian genetics, how many dominant alleles are needed for a particular trait to show up?
1
When did Mendel propose his ideas of genetics?
Late 19th century
When one parent has a homozygous dominant genotype, andthe other has a homozygous recessive genotype, what are the chances they have a child with a dominant phenotype?
100%
TT and tt are both examples of a ___________ trait.
Homozygous
This is an organism's genetic makeup
Genotype
What did Gregor Mendel cross-pollinate in his genetic experiments?
Pea plants
Name one trait Gregor Mendel studies the inheritance of in his model organisms
Pea color/shape, Flower color, Stem height, Pod shape/color, Flower position
When one parent has a heterozygous genotype, and the other has a homozygous recessive genotype, what are the chances they have a child with a recessive phenotype?
50%
Genes for specific traits are not inhereited with genes for other traits
The Law of Independent Assortment
What is another word for purebred?
Homozygous
This describes how likely it is that an event will occur
Probability
Why did Mendel chose to study garden peas?
They are easy to grow, have many offspring, and mature quickly.
The probability of heterozygous tongue-rolling parents having a child without the ability to roll his/her tongue.
1/4 or 25%
An organism with 2 different alleles for a trait
This process involves humans choosing which organisms get to reproduce based on desired traits
Selective Breeding
Different forms of a gene
Allele
What was Mendel's occupation before studying genetics?
Monk
A cross between individuals heterozygous for a single characteristic
Monohybrid cross
Mendel's observation of the segregation of alleles in gamete formation has its basis in this phase of cell division.
Anapahse I