Vocab. Frenzy
Allele
What was the full name of the Austrian monk who used pea plants to learn about genetics?
Gregor Mendel
In a codominant inheritance pattern, what will the heterozygous flower, from a cross of red and white flowers, look like?
Red and White (equally)
What shape is used for males?
What shape is used for females?
Males = square
Females = circle
What is the term for something that causes a mutation?
mutagen
What is the term for someone who has an allele for a trait or disease but does not show it?
carrier
This is a diagram that shows the probability of inheriting traits form parents with certain genes.
Punnett Square
Following incomplete dominant inheritance patterns, the cross between yellow and blue coral will result in what phenotype?
green
What are the letters used to designate 1, 2, and 3 generations?
1 = P
2 = F1
3 = F2
What percent of your genetic information is the same as everyone else's?
99.9%
Bacteria that independently reproduce through a process known as binary fission are displaying what type of reproduction?
What are the three Laws of Inheritance?
Law of Dominance
Law of Segregation
Law of Independent Assortment
Skin color, height, IQ, and eye color are all examples of what complex inheritance pattern?
Polygenic Traits
What are the three types of gene mutations?
substitution
insertion
deletion
If a mom has the genotype Mm and her daughter has mm.
What are the two possible genotypes of the father?
Mm or mm
This term usually means that something has a homozygous dominant genotype.
Purebred
What are the potential genotypes for plant height if tall is dominant to short? (provide genotypes for homozygous dominant, heterozygous, and homozygous recessive)
Homozygous Dominant: TT
Heterozygous: Tt
Homozygous Recessive: tt
Write out the heterozygous genotypes for Type A and Type B blood.
Type A: IA i
Type B: IB i
If two parents are unshaded, yet have a child that is shaded.
Are we tracing an autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive trait?
Autosomal Recessive
When can nondisjunction (or incorrect chromosome separation) happen during meiosis?
Anaphase
What is the term for when one gene overshadows all other genes in polygenic inheritance?
Epistasis
In a scenario, red strawberries are dominant to white strawberries.
What are the genotypic and phenotypic ratios resulting from a cross of two heterozygous strawberries?
1 RR : 2 Rr : 1 rr
75% Red : 25% White
Females have two X chromosomes, so they can mask a recessive allele.
Males only have one X chromosome, so they must display that trait.
What are the three types of chromosomal mutations?
duplication
translocation
nondisjunction
What type of blood is considered the universal donor?
What type of blood is considered the universal acceptor?
Acceptor = Type AB