Classes
Any drug ending with the suffix "olol" is most likely of what class and is used for what purpose?
What are Beta-blockers
Indicated for the reduction of blood pressure.
This population of patients with certain recent illnesses should not receive aspirin due to what impending toxicity?
Who are children and teens with recent chickenpox or flu illness.
What is salicylate toxicity. Volume depletion, hyperventilation, fever, increased metabolic activity.
Patients with an allergy to sulfonamides - sulfa antibiotics - should also not take these medications. (list at least two)
A nurse caring for a patient who received a double dose of Fentanyl should prepare to administer this medication.
The nurse educates a patient regarding administration of this medication that should not be chewed or crushed and should be taken 30 minutes before meals.
What is a proton pump inhibitor capsule.
There are many herbal products that have therapeutic effects and may interact with other drugs. List at least four that we have discussed this semester.
What are: St. Johns Wart, Gingko, Ginseng, Garlic, Glucosamine & Chondroitin, Saw Palmetto, Soy, Kava, and Ginger.
A patient that presents with the following symptoms is presenting this toxicity.
rapid heart rate, diarrhea, irregular heart rhythm, weakness, confusion, elevated temperature (heat intolerant)
What is thyroid storm.
From unresolved hyperthyroidism or too much thyroid replacement (Levothyroxine)
Patients with a penicillin allergy should also avoid this class of medications.
What are cephalosporin antibiotics.
A patient enters the ED with signs of benzodiazepine overdose. The nurse anticipates an order for this medication.
It is important that patients understand to never take tetracyclines with these foods/drink.
What are dairy products.
Calcium binds to the antibiotic and prevents gut absorption.
The suffix "statin" refers to a specific drugs that is responsible for what?
What are antilipemics. Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, lovastatin, simvastatin, rosuvastatin, and pravastatin.
What is succinylcholine.
These drugs are contraindicated or should be used with caution for patients with diabetes.
What are: sucralfate (carafate), contraceptives, corticosteriods, thiazide diuretics, and benzodiazepines. (elevate blood sugar levels)
The nurse receives an order for acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) for a patient who is being sent over to the ED. The nurse expects an overdose of this medication.
What is acetaminophen. Prevents liver damage.
What is Vancomycin
What is redman syndrome
What are Ace inhibitors: captopril,quinapril, lisinopril, benzapril...
Indicated for the reduction of elevated blood pressure and increased blood perfusion to the kidneys.
What is Lithium
Range 1-1.5mEq/L
Levels exceeding 1.5-2.5 lead to toxicity
This class of medications should be used cautiously in patients with angle-closure glaucoma, BPH, urinary retention, and cardiac dysrhythmias.
What are anticholinergics.
Cholinergic crisis
Use cholinergic miotics for glaucoma.
These antidotes are given with anticoagulant medications for which elevated lab values?
What is protamine sulfate:Heparin: elevated PTT
What is Vitamin K: Coumadin: elevated PT/INR
The nurse administering this drug should remember to never administer it via IV push an should always dilute it to prevent ventricular tachycardia and phlebitis.
What is IV Potassium.
What are Proton Pump Inhibitors: omeprazole, pantoprazole...
Indicated for the reduction of acid secretion in the stomach.
Hypokalemia is the primary concern for toxicity of this medication, which presents with symptoms including anorexia, nausea, vomiting, dysrhythmias, and visual disturbances (halo ring).
What is Digoxin.
Toxic levels >2ng/mL
Increases myocardial contractility
What are erectile dysfunction medications like sildenafil and tadalafil.
A patient has decreased to absent reflexes, bradypnea, hypotension, and decreased to absent urine output. The nurse expects magnesium sulfate toxicity and prepares this medication.
What is Calcium gluconate
The nurse knows he/she should hold this class of medications for a patient with signs of irritability, tremors, sweating, jittery, and hypothermia.
Antidiabetics: Insulin or oral sulfonylureas (tolbutamide, glyburide), dipeptidyl peptidase inhibitors (Glipizide, acarbose)
Do not cause hypoglycemia: Biguanides (Metformin), Incretin mimetics (Byetta, Victoza), (jardiance, invokana, farxiga)